Update on CT and MRI of adrenal nodules
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to review the current role of CT and MRI for the characterization of adrenal nodules. CONCLUSION: Unenhanced CT and chemical-shift MRI have high specificity for lipid-rich adenomas. Dual-energy CT provides comparable to slightly lower sensitivity for the diagnosis of lipid-rich adenomas but may improve characterization of lipid-poor adenomas. Nonadenomas containing intracellular lipid pose an imaging challenge; however, nonadenomas that contain lipid may be potentially diagnosed using other imaging features. Multiphase adrenal washout CT can be used to differentiate lipid-poor adenomas from metastases but is limited for the diagnosis of hypervascular malignancies and pheochromocytoma.
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Visual assessment of FDG activity has similar pooled sensitivity and specificity (91-92%) to quantitative analysis using adrenal to liver SUV ratio (89-91%) or SUVmax (85-91%).
“Visual assessment of FDG activity within adrenal lesions compared to background (physiological) uptake in the liver or blood pool has similar pooled sensitivity and specificity (91-92%) to quantitative analysis using adrenal to liver standardized uptake value (SUV) ratio (89-91%) or maximum SUV (SUVmax) (85-91%) (309).”
From Adrenal incidentaloma (2020) · cites this paper as [309]
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References 89 · Cited by 173
- Authors
- Schieda, N., & Siegelman, E. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Roentgenology
- Publisher
- American Roentgen Ray Society
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 208
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1206-1217
- ISSN
- 0002-9580 (ISSN-L)
- 0361-803X
- 1546-3141
- OpenAlex
- W2591468408
- Cited by
- 173
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 2.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Roentgenology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- adrenal nodules, adrenal adenoma, adrenal metastasis, adrenal pheochromocytoma, dual-energy CT, chemical shift MRI, adrenal imaging
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Gland Neoplasms, Humans, Image Enhancement, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Reproducibility of Results, Observer Variation, Evidence-Based Medicine
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