The DOI matches its Crossref record; 96 of the 96 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Thrombotic Microangiopathy and the Kidney
Open accessAbstract
Thrombotic microangiopathy can manifest in a diverse range of diseases and is characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and organ injury, including AKI. It can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality, but a systematic approach to investigation and prompt initiation of supportive management and, in some cases, effective specific treatment can result in good outcomes. This review considers the classification, pathology, epidemiology, characteristics, and pathogenesis of the thrombotic microangiopathies, and outlines a pragmatic approach to diagnosis and management.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Complement: a key system for immune surveillance and homeostasis
Ricklin, D., Hajishengallis, G., Yang, K., & Lambris, J. D. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1923 · Cited by 3,654
Steegers, E. A., von Dadelszen, P., Duvekot, J. J., & Pijnenborg, R. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60279-6 · Cited by 2,850
Padmanabhan, A., Connelly‐Smith, L., Aqui, N., Balogun, R. A., Klingel, R., Meyer, E., Pham, H. P., Schneiderman, J., Witt, V., Wu, Y., et al. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Apheresis · doi:10.1002/jca.21705 · Cited by 2,230
Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli and haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Tarr, P. I., Gordon, C. A., & Chandler, W. L. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)71144-2 · Cited by 1,774
Terminal Complement Inhibitor Eculizumab in Atypical Hemolytic–Uremic Syndrome
Legendre, C. M., Licht, C., Muus, P., Greenbaum, L. A., Babu, S., Bedrosian, C., Bingham, C., Cohen, D. J., Delmas, Y., Douglas, K., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1208981 · Cited by 1,586
VEGF Inhibition and Renal Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Eremina, V., Jefferson, J. A., Kowalewska, J., Hochster, H., Haas, M., Weisstuch, J., Richardson, C., Kopp, J. B., Kabir, M. G., Backx, P. H., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0707330 · Cited by 1,504
Syndromes of Thrombotic Microangiopathy
George, J. N., & Nester, C. M. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1312353 · Cited by 1,279
Moake, J. L. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra020528 · Cited by 1,221
Noris, M., Caprioli, J., Bresin, E., Mossali, C., Pianetti, G., Gamba, S., Daina, E., Fenili, C., Castelletti, F., Sorosina, A., et al. (2010) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.02210310 · Cited by 1,042
Schwartz, J., Padmanabhan, A., Aqui, N., Balogun, R. A., Connelly‐Smith, L., Delaney, M., Dunbar, N. M., Witt, V., Wu, Y., & Shaz, B. H. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Apheresis · doi:10.1002/jca.21470 · Cited by 793
Research works printed but not linked: 34
- Barrera-Vargas, 2016, Renal thrombotic microangiopathy in proliferative lupus nephritis: Risk factors and clinical outcomes: A Case-Control study, J Clin Rheumatol, 22, 235, 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000425 · doi:10.1097/rhu.0000000000000425
- Saland, 2014, Liver-kidney transplantation to cure atypical HUS: Still an option post-eculizumab?, Pediatr Nephrol, 29, 329, 10.1007/s00467-013-2722-2 · doi:10.1007/s00467-013-2722-2
- Brocklebank, Factor H: Autoantibody associated atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome in children in the United Kingdom and Ireland [published online ahead of print July 24, 2017], Kidney Int
- Nishijima, 2013, Drug-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura successfully treated with recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin, Intern Med, 52, 1111, 10.2169/internalmedicine.52.9180 · doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.52.9180
- Alashkar, 2017, Serologic response to meningococcal vaccination in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) chronically treated with the terminal complement inhibitor eculizumab, Ann Hematol, 96, 589, 10.1007/s00277-017-2924-y · doi:10.1007/s00277-017-2924-y
- Cullinan, 2015, Case report: Benefits and challenges of long-term eculizumab in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, Pediatrics, 135, e1506, 10.1542/peds.2014-3503 · doi:10.1542/peds.2014-3503
- George, 2003, The association of pregnancy with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome, Curr Opin Hematol, 10, 339, 10.1097/00062752-200309000-00003 · doi:10.1097/00062752-200309000-00003
- Scully, 2011, A phase 2 study of the safety and efficacy of rituximab with plasma exchange in acute acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, Blood, 118, 1746, 10.1182/blood-2011-03-341131 · doi:10.1182/blood-2011-03-341131
- Clark, 2015, A phase-II sequential case-series study of all patients presenting to four plasma exchange centres with presumed relapsed/refractory thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treated with rituximab, Br J Haematol, 170, 208, 10.1111/bjh.13408 · doi:10.1111/bjh.13408
- Westland, 2014, Phenotypic expansion of DGKE-associated diseases, J Am Soc Nephrol, 25, 1408, 10.1681/ASN.2013080886 · doi:10.1681/asn.2013080886
- Hughes, 2002, Molecular basis for high renal cell sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of shigatoxin-1: Upregulation of globotriaosylceramide expression, J Am Soc Nephrol, 13, 2239, 10.1097/01.ASN.0000027873.85792.52 · doi:10.1097/01.asn.0000027873.85792.52
- Spinale, 2013, Long-term outcomes of Shiga toxin hemolytic uremic syndrome, Pediatr Nephrol, 28, 2097, 10.1007/s00467-012-2383-6 · doi:10.1007/s00467-012-2383-6
- Spinale, 2013, Update on Streptococcus pneumoniae associated hemolytic uremic syndrome, Curr Opin Pediatr, 25, 203, 10.1097/MOP.0b013e32835d7f2c · doi:10.1097/mop.0b013e32835d7f2c
- Alpers, 2003, Light at the end of the TUNEL: HIV-associated thrombotic microangiopathy, Kidney Int, 63, 385, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00743.x · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00743.x
- Peraldi, 1999, Acute renal failure in the course of HIV infection: A single-institution retrospective study of ninety-two patients and sixty renal biopsies, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 14, 1578, 10.1093/ndt/14.6.1578 · doi:10.1093/ndt/14.6.1578
- Becker, 2004, HIV-associated thrombotic microangiopathy in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: An observational study, Clin Infect Dis, 39, S267, 10.1086/422363 · doi:10.1086/422363
- Gottschall, 1991, Quinine-induced immune thrombocytopenia associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome: A new clinical entity, Blood, 77, 306, 10.1182/blood.V77.2.306.306 · doi:10.1182/blood.v77.2.306.306
- Bennett, 2013, Ticlopidine-associated ADAMTS13 activity deficient thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in 22 persons in Japan: A report from the Southern Network on Adverse Reactions (SONAR), Br J Haematol, 161, 896, 10.1111/bjh.12303 · doi:10.1111/bjh.12303
- Verbiest, 2014, De novo thrombotic microangiopathy after non-renal solid organ transplantation, Blood Rev, 28, 269, 10.1016/j.blre.2014.09.001 · doi:10.1016/j.blre.2014.09.001
- Ponticelli, 2006, Thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation, Transpl Int, 19, 789, 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2006.00354.x · doi:10.1111/j.1432-2277.2006.00354.x
- Zuber, 2013, Targeted strategies in the prevention and management of atypical HUS recurrence after kidney transplantation, Transplant Rev (Orlando), 27, 117, 10.1016/j.trre.2013.07.003 · doi:10.1016/j.trre.2013.07.003
- Dhakal, 2017, Is complement blockade an acceptable therapeutic strategy for hematopoietic cell transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy?, Bone Marrow Transplant, 52, 352, 10.1038/bmt.2016.253 · doi:10.1038/bmt.2016.253
- Shavit, 2010, Severe renal failure and microangiopathic hemolysis induced by malignant hypertension--case series and review of literature, Clin Nephrol, 73, 147, 10.5414/CNP73147 · doi:10.5414/cnp73147
- George, 2011, Systemic malignancies as a cause of unexpected microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, Oncology (Williston Park), 25, 908
- Lesesne, 1989, Cancer-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome: Analysis of 85 cases from a national registry, J Clin Oncol, 7, 781, 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.6.781 · doi:10.1200/jco.1989.7.6.781
- Cooper, 2004, Familial mesangio-capillary glomerulonephritis with initial presentation as haemolytic uraemic syndrome, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 19, 230, 10.1093/ndt/gfg470 · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfg470
- Woodworth, 2016, Scleroderma renal crisis and renal involvement in systemic sclerosis, Nat Rev Nephrol, 12, 678, 10.1038/nrneph.2016.124 · doi:10.1038/nrneph.2016.124
- Fakhouri, Haemolytic uraemic syndrome [published online ahead of print February 25, 2017], Lancet
- Waters, 2007, Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with invasive pneumococcal disease: The United kingdom experience, J Pediatr, 151, 140, 10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.03.055 · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.03.055
- Cochran, 2004, Pneumococcus-induced T-antigen activation in hemolytic uremic syndrome and anemia, Pediatr Nephrol, 19, 317, 10.1007/s00467-003-1382-z · doi:10.1007/s00467-003-1382-z
- Prestidge, 2009, Ten years of pneumococcal-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome in New Zealand children, J Paediatr Child Health, 45, 731, 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2009.01603.x · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2009.01603.x
- van den Born, 2007, The renin-angiotensin system in malignant hypertension revisited: plasma renin activity, microangiopathic hemolysis, and renal failure in malignant hypertension, Am J Hypertens, 20, 900, 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2007.02.018 · doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2007.02.018
- Akimoto, 2011, Clinical features of malignant hypertension with thrombotic microangiopathy, Clin Exp Hypertens, 33, 77, 10.3109/10641963.2010.503303 · doi:10.3109/10641963.2010.503303
- Ghossein, 2016, Recent developments in the classification, evaluation, pathophysiology, and management of scleroderma renal crisis, Curr Rheumatol Rep, 18, 5, 10.1007/s11926-015-0551-y · doi:10.1007/s11926-015-0551-y
Cited by
Rapkiewicz, A. V., Mai, X., Carsons, S. E., Pittaluga, S., Kleiner, D. E., Berger, J. S., Thomas, S., Adler, N. M., Charytan, D. M., Gasmi, B., et al. (2020) · eClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100434 · Cited by 533
Chand, D. H., Zaidman, C., Arya, K., Millner, R., Farrar, M. A., Mackie, F. E., Goedeker, N. L., Dharnidharka, V. R., Dandamudi, R., & Reyna, S. P. (2021) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.11.054 · Cited by 210
Diseases of complement dysregulation-an overview
Wong, E. K. S., & Kavanagh, D. (2018) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-017-0663-8 · Cited by 115
Self-citationSmith, C. J., Ross, N., Kamal, A., Kim, K. Y., Kropf, E., Deschatelets, P., Francois, C., Quinn, W. J., Singh, I., Majowicz, A., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.999021 · Cited by 86
“When TMA is caused by complement activation it is categorized as an atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) (16).”
BackgroundHallam, T. M., Marchbank, K. J., Harris, C. L., Osmond, C., Shuttleworth, V. G., Griffiths, H., Cree, A. J., Kavanagh, D., & Lotery, A. J. (2020) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.61.6.18 · Cited by 57
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Brocklebank, V., Wood, K. M., & Kavanagh, D.
- Venue
- Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
- Published
- 2017-10-17
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 300-317
- ISSN
- 1555-9041 (ISSN-L)
- 1555-905X
- OpenAlex
- W2765086424
- Cited by
- 373
- References
- 96
- FWCI
- 8.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Thrombotic Microangiopathy and the Kidney. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2215/cjn.00620117
- The paper
- Brocklebank, V., Wood, K. M., & Kavanagh, D. (2018). Thrombotic Microangiopathy and the Kidney. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. https://doi.org/10.2215/cjn.00620117
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.