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Risk factors associated with poor glycemic control in patients with type two Diabetes mellitus in Zakho city
Open accessAbstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition caused by relative lack of insulin due to impaired insulin secretion or insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of poor glycemic control in Zakho city and to explore the modifiable risk factors that may help controlling the disease. Materials and Methods We recruited patients with known history of diabetes receiving oral anti-diabetic medications. Those patients were registered in Zakho Diabetes center with regular visits. The measurement of anthropometric indices was conducted by trained personnel. Plasma glucose was determined using colorimetric enzymatic method with glucose oxidase. HbA1c concentrations were measured in whole blood samples using high performance liquid chromatography. Results In this study, 520 patients were recruited. The average age of the patients was 56.92±9.62. Among those, 190 were male. The blood sugar was controlled in 122 (23.4%) patients. We found a significant association between sex and HbA1C level (p=0.000; OR=0.4796; CI=0.3175-0.7243). In addition, waist circumference was significantly associated with HbA1C levels (p=0.018; OR=1.02; CI=1.0031-1.0373). Conclusions The vast majority of the patients had uncontrolled diabetes. We found that sex and waist circumference were risk factors for uncontrolled diabetes. Any diabetes controlling program should focus on those two factors.
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The systematic review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.
“This systematic review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines [15].”
From Glycemic Control for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
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Glycemic Control for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review
Bin Rakhis, S. A., AlDuwayhis, N. M., Aleid, N., AlBarrak, A. N., & Aloraini, A. A. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.26180 · Cited by 152
“Rashad et al 2021 [15] Retrospective observational Iraq 520 Age: 18 years and”
BackgroundMethod
Metadata
- Authors
- Rashad, B. H., Abdi, B. A., Naqid, I. A., Hussein, N. R., Ibrahim, Z. A., Rashad, J. A., Saleem, S. M., Saleh, A. S., & Mustafa, A. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Zakho (IQ)
- University of Duhok (IQ)
- Venue
- Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences
- Published
- 2021-06-26
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- ISSN
- 2413-0516 (ISSN-L)
- 2415-1629
- OpenAlex
- W3175473572
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 0.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, poor glycemic control, HbA1c, risk factors, waist circumference, sex differences, oral antidiabetic drugs
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