Cited by 11Maritime and Coastal ArchaeologyHistorical Studies in Central AmericaArchaeology and Cultural Heritage

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 16 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.

Santa María de la Antigua del Darién, la primera ciudad española en Tierra Firme: una prospección arqueológica sistemática

Open access
Sarcina, Alberto·2017·Revista Colombiana de Antropología

Abstract

En el año 1510 se fundó Santa María de la Antigua del Darién, la primera ciudad española en Tierra Firme. En el 2013, el ICANH inició un Plan de Manejo y Protección de este sitio. En la primera etapa los principales objetivos arqueológicos fueron identificar y delimitar el área de la ciudad y comprobar o refutar la hipótesis de si Bahía La Gloria fue el puerto de la ciudad. Las evidencias de prospecciones por pozos de sondeo fueron cruzadas con imágenes satelitales, análisis de suelos e investigaciones subacuáticas. Como resultado, por primera vez, podemos definir con certeza la ubicación y los límites de la ciudad y del pueblo Cueva junto al cual fue construida. La falta de evidencias de origen español, tanto en las investigaciones subacuáticas como en las prospecciones terrestres, reducen la posibilidad de que Bahía La Gloria fuera el antiguo puerto marítimo de la ciudad.

Overview

AI snapshot

Written from the paper’s full text.

TL;DR

A 2013 systematic archaeological survey identified and delimited the Spanish city of Santa María de la Antigua del Darién and the adjacent Cueva settlement, distinguishing two areas by ceramic density. It also found no Spanish evidence at Bahía La Gloria, weakening the hypothesis that it was the city’s Caribbean port.

Key findings

  • The survey detected the city and its limits: a Spanish-material concentration immediately southeast of the current church of Santa María de la Antigua, and an indigenous settlement area partly overlapping the modern village of Santuario.
  • In the area with the highest Spanish density, ceramics were 21.1% European and 78.9% indigenous; in the area with the highest indigenous density, Spanish material was 3.5%. The Spanish-concentration area measured 20 ha, the indigenous area 13 ha, compared with about 25 ha for Panama.
  • Bahía La Gloria as port is doubtful: underwater magnetometer/dives and 51 coastal test pits produced no Spanish-origin objects, while two important prehispanic settlements were found at Bahía La Gloria and Tarena.
  • Satellite and paleohydrological work suggested the old Darién/Tanela river mouth reached the Caribbean and helped identify other possible prehispanic settlements, including sixteen possible sites in the surrounding area.

Methods

  • The 2013 ICANH/Ministry of Culture project used a multidisciplinary strategy centered on systematic manual test pits: 0.8 × 0.8 m, 1 m deep, divided into three levels of about 33 cm, spaced 50 m apart.
  • In the main zone of about 6 km² around Santuario, 827 test pits were dug; 13 additional pits were opened during satellite/soil verification, and 51 more were dug along the Bahía La Gloria–Tarena coast, totaling 891 pits.
  • Results were crossed with high-resolution satellite imagery in GIS, soil analyses, and underwater survey by magnetometer and dives; community participation was built into the fieldwork.

Limitations

  • The paper states this was a preliminary phase aimed mainly at identifying material-density areas through statistical study, without detailed general stratigraphy; it says future extensive stratigraphic excavations are needed to confirm the data.
  • The paper states that study of the materials, especially indigenous ceramics, is still in progress, and that no systematic prehispanic ceramic typology exists for the region.
  • The paper states that a definitive answer on the port is difficult, though Bahía La Gloria is now much less likely; it also notes that broad-grid survey was impossible because of tropical vegetation, irrigation canals, and wire fencing.

Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.22380/2539472x.11

Cites

6 of 6 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

0 of 16 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged

Show all 38 claims

  • The quote only partly states this claim. 2
  • It may state two separate claims as one. 29
  • Probably not a substantial claim. 8
36 of 36
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The contemporary church of Santa María de la Antigua marks the center of the Spanish city.

    “Se eligió como centro de la zona principal la iglesia contemporánea de Santa María de la Antigua, donde la tradición oral local siempre ha ubicado el centro de la ciudad española.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    La concentración de artefactos encontrados en las prospecciones es un indicador de asentamientos o lugares de frecuentación.

    “las zonas con mayor concentración de artefactos encontrados durante los trabajos de prospección (factor indicativo de asentamientos o lugares de frecuentación)”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Las prospecciones subacuáticas y por pozos de sondeo habrían detectado rastros de un puerto español si este hubiera estado en Bahía La Gloria.

    “La prospección con magnetómetro e inmersiones no ha producido ningún tipo de resultado que pueda estar relacionado con el hallazgo de material de origen español (Martín 2015).”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Las fuentes históricas y la cartografía histórica son suficientemente fiables para reconstruir el cauce original del río Darién y ubicar el puerto.

    “Las fuentes relatan que el río Darién desembocaba directamente en el mar Caribe y pasaba justo al lado de las casas de la ciudad.”
4 of 4

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.

  • La duración de la presencia española se describe como cinco años y como más de diez

    Minor

    El texto afirma que la presencia española en el área no duró más de cinco años, pero en la misma frase atribuye a los artefactos europeos llevados por los españoles una permanencia de poco más de diez años. También sitúa la ocupación de la ciudad entre 1510 y 1524.

1 of 1

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 6 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Cooke, Richard. 1976. "Panamá: región central". Vínculos 2 (1): 122-140.
  2. -. 1972. "The Cultural Significance of Spanish Ceramics". En Ceramics in America, editado por George Irving Quimby, 141-174. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
  3. Goggin, John. 1960. The Spanish Olive Jar: An Introductory Study. Yale University Publications in Anthropology 62. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  4. -. 1968. Spanish Majolica in the New World. Yale University Publications in Anthropology 72. New Haven: Yale University Press.

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Metadata

Authors
Sarcina, A.
Venue
Revista Colombiana de Antropología
Published
2017-05-16
Volume
53
Issue
1
Pages
269-300
ISSN
  • 0486-6525 (ISSN-L)
  • 2539-472X
OpenAlex
W2799438403
Cited by
11
References
6
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1
FWCI
1.51
Type
journal article
Language
es
Open access
Locations
  • Revista Colombiana de Antropología (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Historical Studies in Central America
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Archaeology and Cultural Heritage
Keywords
Tierra Firme, systematic archaeological survey, soil analysis, satellite imagery, underwater archaeology

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

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