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Child Rearing and Children's Prosocial Initiations toward Victims of Distress
Abstract
Maternal rearing behavior was examined in relation to children's reparation for transgressions and altruism as bystanders to distress in others. The children were 1 1/2-2 1/2 years old. Mothers were trained in techniques of observing. They recorded their child's reactions and their own behaviors in everyday encounters with expressions of distress in others (sorrow, discomfort, pain). Distress was also simulated by mothers and investigators. Mothers' empathic caregiving was rated during home visits. Mothers' affectively delivered explanations regarding the distresses their children had caused to others were associated with children's reparations for transgressions. Such explanations were also associated with children's altruism when they were bystanders to another's distress. Empathic caregiving by mothers was positively associated with children's reparation and altruism. Findings are discussed in relation to theories of altruism, conscience, and child rearing.
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Cited by
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Preston, S. D., & de Waal, F. B. M. (2002) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x02000018 · Cited by 4,126
The functional architecture of human empathy
Decety, J., & Jackson, P. L. (2004) · Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews · doi:10.1177/1534582304267187 · Cited by 3,407
Emotion, regulation, and moral development
Eisenberg, N. (2000) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.665 · Cited by 2,422
Gershoff, E. T. (2002) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.4.539 · Cited by 2,165
Altruistic Helping in Human Infants and Young Chimpanzees
Warneken, F., & Tomasello, M. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1121448 · Cited by 1,642
Metadata
- Authors
- Zahn-Waxler, C., Radke-Yarrow, M., & King, R. A.
- Venue
- Child Development
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1979-06
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 319
- ISSN
- 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2014983815
- Cited by
- 664
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 18.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Zahn-Waxler, C., Radke-Yarrow, M., & King, R. A. (1979). Child Rearing and Children's Prosocial Initiations toward Victims of Distress. Child Development. https://doi.org/10.2307/1129406
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