A Test for Normality of Observations and Regression Residuals
Abstract
Carlos M. Jarque, Anil K. Bera, A Test for Normality of Observations and Regression Residuals, International Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Statistique, Vol. 55, No. 2 (Aug., 1987), pp. 163-172
Integrity signals
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Cites
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Normality is a significant assumption in linear regression models, ensuring the validity of the statistical tests.
“Normality is a significant assumption in linear regression models, ensuring the validity of the statistical tests (Jarque & Bera, 1987).”
From The Impact of Liquidity and Leverage on the Financial Performance of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange-Listed Consumer Goods Firms (2025) · cites this paper as Jarque & Bera, 1987
Cites
An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples)
SHAPIRO, S. S., & WILK, M. B. (1965) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/52.3-4.591 · Cited by 23,480 · see citing works
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Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, U., & Mukhametzyanov, I. (2021) · Decision Making: Applications in Management and Engineering · doi:10.31181/dmame210402076i · Cited by 343 · see citing works
“The distribution assessment includes a statistical test for testing a hypothetical distribution law (for example, the JarqueBera test for checking normality (Jarque & Bera, 1987).”
MethodNatural resources tax volatility and economic performance: Evaluating the role of digital economy
Ma, Q., Mentel, G., Zhao, X., Salahodjaev, R., & Kuldasheva, Z. (2022) · Resources Policy · doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102510 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Cooper, M. T., Bard, D., Wallace, R., Gillaspy, S., & Deleon, S. (2018) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.08.028 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Helama, S., Holopainen, J., & Partonen, T. (2013) · Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12199-013-0329-7 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Nilson, F., Bonander, C., & Andersson, R. (2015) · Injury Prevention · doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041337 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Khoza, F. (2025) · Journal of Risk and Financial Management · doi:10.3390/jrfm18090510 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Jarque, C. M., & Bera, A. K.
- ORCID
- Bera, Anil K.
- Venue
- International Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Statistique
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1987-08
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 163
- ISSN
- 0306-7734 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2127923747
- Cited by
- 3,179
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 188 · 2025: 238 · 2024: 239 · 2023: 252 · 2022: 208 · 2021: 171 · 2020: 130 · 2019: 130 · 2018: 156 · 2017: 145 · 2016: 114 · 2015: 136 · 2014: 161 · 2013: 135 · 2012: 142
- FWCI
- 2.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- fr
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Statistical Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Statistical Methods and Models
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Probability and Statistical Research
- Keywords
- normality testing, Jarque-Bera test, skewness, kurtosis, regression residuals
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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