The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Prospective and Retrospective Judgments of Time as a Function of Amount of Information Processed
Abstract
The subjects, 120 college students, sorted cards for 42 sec with instructions to process 0, 1, or 2 bits of information per card (response uncertainty) and then were asked to make an absolute judgement of the interval's duration. Half of the subjects knew this judgement would be required before the interval (prospective paradigm); half did not (retrospective paradigm). Judged time was an inverse linear function of response uncertainty under the prospective paradigm, whereas no significant function was obtained under the retrospective paradigm.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Dynamic attending and responses to time.
Jones, M. R., & Boltz, M. G. (1989) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037//0033-295x.96.3.459 · Cited by 1,121
Perception and Estimation of Time
Fraisse, P. (1984) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.35.020184.000245 · Cited by 855
Taking Time to Integrate Temporal Research
Ancona, D. G., Okhuysen, G. A., & Perlow, L. A. (2001) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/3560239 · Cited by 760
Prospective and retrospective duration judgments: A meta-analytic review
Block, R. A., & Zakay, D. (1997) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03209393 · Cited by 710
Functional Anatomy of the Attentional Modulation of Time Estimation
Coull, J. T., Vidal, F., Nazarian, B., & Macar, F. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1091573 · Cited by 642
Metadata
- Authors
- Hicks, R. E., Miller, G. W., & Kinsbourne, M.
- Venue
- The American Journal of Psychology
- Publisher
- University of Illinois Press
- Published
- 1976-12
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 719
- ISSN
- 0002-9556 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1967049613
- Cited by
- 390
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 1.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Prospective and Retrospective Judgments of Time as a Function of Amount of Information Processed. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/1421469
- The paper
- Hicks, R. E., Miller, G. W., & Kinsbourne, M. (1976). Prospective and Retrospective Judgments of Time as a Function of Amount of Information Processed. The American Journal of Psychology. https://doi.org/10.2307/1421469
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
