The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Illegitimate Means, Anomie, and Deviant Behavior
Overview
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Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
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Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
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Citations
Cited by
Individual and Contextual Influences on Academic Dishonesty: A Multicampus Investigation
McCabe, D. L., & Trevino, L. K. (1997) · Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1023/a:1024954224675 · Cited by 830
The social dimensions of correctional officer stress
Cullen, F. T., Link, B. G., Wolfe, N. T., & Frank, J. (1985) · Justice Quarterly · doi:10.1080/07418828500088711 · Cited by 477
Suicide, motor vehicle fatalities, and the mass media: evidence toward a theory of suggestion.
Phillips, D. P. (1979) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/226904 · Cited by 189
‘I Wasn't Alone’: Collective Behaviour and Violent Delinquency
McGloin, J. M., & Piquero, A. R. (2009) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1375/acri.42.3.336 · Cited by 105
Metadata
- Authors
- Cloward, R. A.
- Venue
- American Sociological Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1959-04
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 164
- ISSN
- 0003-1224 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4237883470
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 72.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.