The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Differential Environmental Regulation: Effects on Electric Utility Capital Turnover and Emissions
Abstract
This paper tests the hypothesis that differential regulations reduced the rate of capital turnover in the electric utility industry, resulting in increased emissions of sulfur dioxide. Based on a sample of forty-four privately owned electric utilities operating over the period 1969-83, the authors' results indicate that (1) regulation increased the age of capital by an average of 3.29 years (24.6 percent); (2) increases in the age of capital have no statistically significant impact on emissions; and (3) in the absence of regulation, emissions would have increased by 3.79 tons per million kWhs (34.6 percent). Copyright 1993 by MIT Press.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
The Porter Hypothesis at 20: Can Environmental Regulation Enhance Innovation and Competitiveness?
Ambec, S., Cohen, M. A., Elgie, S., & Lanoie, P. (2013) · Review of Environmental Economics and Policy · doi:10.1093/reep/res016 · Cited by 1,928
Does It Pay to Be Green? A Systematic Overview
Stefan, A., & Paul, L. (2008) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2008.35590353 · Cited by 1,759
Environmental Policy and Technological Change
Jaffe, A. B., Newell, R. G., & Stavins, R. N. (2002) · Environmental and Resource Economics · doi:10.1023/a:1015519401088 · Cited by 1,050
Levy, J. I., Spengler, J. D., Hlinka, D., Sullivan, D., & Moon, D. (2002) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(01)00493-9 · Cited by 166
Metadata
- Authors
- Nelson, R. A., Tietenberg, T., & Donihue, M. R.
- Venue
- The Review of Economics and Statistics
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1993-05
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 368
- ISSN
- 0034-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1989432121
- Cited by
- 158
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Differential Environmental Regulation: Effects on Electric Utility Capital Turnover and Emissions. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/2109447
- The paper
- Nelson, R. A., Tietenberg, T., & Donihue, M. R. (1993). Differential Environmental Regulation: Effects on Electric Utility Capital Turnover and Emissions. The Review of Economics and Statistics. https://doi.org/10.2307/2109447
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.