The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The greenhouse effect: negotiating targets
Abstract
The world's climate is heating up. By the year 2030 the global average temperature is likely to be warmer than at any time in the last 120,000 years. The greenhouse effect is a baffling problem and one that may even threaten ecological and human disaster. What are the chances of the world's nations agreeing to limit their energy consumption at a time when the Third World is industrializing faster than ever? This article shows why effective limits to greenhouse gas emissions will not be negotiable on the basis of country-by-country targets. It looks at the alternatives, including a carbon tax, and argues that a system of tradable carbon emission permits is the only realistic possibility for limiting greenhouse emissions globally. Finally, it considers the alternatives if no global agreement is possible.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
The Rising Threat of Atmospheric CO2: A Review on the Causes, Impacts, and Mitigation Strategies
Nunes, L. J. R. (2023) · Environments · doi:10.3390/environments10040066 · Cited by 587
Carbon dioxide emissions allocation: A review
Zhou, P., & Wang, M. (2016) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.03.001 · Cited by 361
Sato, M., Rafaty, R., Calel, R., & Grubb, M. (2022) · WIREs Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.796 · Cited by 59
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Grubb, M.
- Venue
- International Affairs
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1990-01
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 67-89
- ISSN
- 0020-5850 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-2346
- OpenAlex
- W1578103294
- Cited by
- 253
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 80.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The greenhouse effect: negotiating targets. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/2622190
- The paper
- Grubb, M. (1990). The greenhouse effect: negotiating targets. International Affairs. https://doi.org/10.2307/2622190
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.