The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Sources of Intra-Industry Wage Dispersion: How Much Do Employers Matter?
Abstract
Observed human capital explains less than half of wage variation. In BLS Industry Wage Surveys, establishment-based wage differentials (controlling for occupation) account for 20–70 percent of intra-industry wage variation. This corresponds to a standard deviation in wages of 14 percent of the mean, almost as large as interindustry wage variation. Investigation suggests that establishment wage differentials are not random variations or returns to usual measures of human capital.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Firms and Labor Market Inequality: Evidence and Some Theory
Card, D., Cardoso, A. R., Heining, J., & Kline, P. (2018) · Journal of Labor Economics · doi:10.1086/694153 · Cited by 919
Barth, E., Bryson, A., Davis, J. C., & Freeman, R. (2016) · Journal of Labor Economics · doi:10.1086/684045 · Cited by 361
“The Rise of Domestic Outsourcing and the Evolution of the German Wage Structure”
Goldschmidt, D., & Schmieder, J. F. (2017) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qjx008 · Cited by 340
(1992) · eCommons (Cornell University) · Cited by 44
Metadata
- Authors
- Groshen, E. L.
- Venue
- The Quarterly Journal of Economics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1991-08-01
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 869-884
- ISSN
- 0033-5533 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-4650
- OpenAlex
- W2082989827
- Cited by
- 331
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 27.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Sources of Intra-Industry Wage Dispersion: How Much Do Employers Matter? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/2937931
- The paper
- Groshen, E. L. (1991). Sources of Intra-Industry Wage Dispersion: How Much Do Employers Matter? The Quarterly Journal of Economics. https://doi.org/10.2307/2937931
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.