The Consquences of Adjustment for a Concomitant Variable That Has Been Affected by the Treatment
Abstract
Paul R. Rosenbaum, The Consquences of Adjustment for a Concomitant Variable That Has Been Affected by the Treatment, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (General), Vol. 147, No. 5 (1984), pp. 656-666
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Methodologists have long warned that conditioning on an intermediate variable affected by treatment can lead to bias.
“Methodologists have long warned that conditioning on an intermediate variable that has been affected by the treatment can lead to bias (e.g., Heckman 1976; Berk 1983; Rosenbaum 1984; Holland 1988; Robins 1989, 2001, 2003; Smith 1990; Angrist & Krueger 1999; Wooldridge 2005; Sobel 2008).”
From Endogenous Selection Bias: The Problem of Conditioning on a Collider Variable (2014) · cites this paper as Rosenbaum 1984
When estimating total causal effects, conditioning on post-treatment variables is problematic and should be avoided.
“The most general advice to be derived from the first two groups—post-outcome and intermediate collider examples—is straightforward: When estimating total causal effects, avoid conditioning on post-treatment variables (Rosenbaum 1984).”
From Endogenous Selection Bias: The Problem of Conditioning on a Collider Variable (2014) · cites this paper as Rosenbaum 1984
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Cited by 849
- Authors
- Rosenbaum, P. R.
- Affiliations
- Educational Testing Service (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rosenbaum, Paul R.
- ORCID
- Rosenbaum, Paul R.
- Venue
- Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (General)
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1984
- Volume
- 147
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 656
- ISSN
- 0035-9238 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2796619953
- Cited by
- 849
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 6.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Keywords
- treatment effects, confounding, causal inference, selection bias
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