The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability, and Violence
Open accessAbstract
This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Explaining political sophistication
Luskin, R. C. (1990) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00992793 · Cited by 1,015
Declarations Are Not Enough: Financial Sector Sources of Central Bank Independence
Posen, A. S. (1995) · NBER Macroeconomics Annual · doi:10.1086/654279 · Cited by 336
Finkel, S. E. (1987) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.2307/2131308 · Cited by 299
Cost of Voting in the American States
Li, Q., Pomante, M. J., & Schraufnagel, S. (2018) · Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics, and Policy · doi:10.1089/elj.2017.0478 · Cited by 76
Political institutions, voter turnout, and policy outcomes
Fumagalli, E., & Narciso, G. (2012) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2011.10.002 · Cited by 75
Metadata
- Authors
- Lijphart, A., & Powell, G. B.
- Venue
- CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs
- Publisher
- Crossref
- Published
- 1983
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 110
- ISSN
- 0000-0000
- OpenAlex
- W2313131924
- Cited by
- 290
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 7.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability, and Violence. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/3330095
- The paper
- Lijphart, A., & Powell, G. B. (1983). Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability, and Violence. CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs. https://doi.org/10.2307/3330095
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
