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Alternate Stable States and Threshold Effects in Semi-Arid Grazing Systems
Open accessAbstract
Models that explain the discontinuous behaviour of semi-arid grazing systems usually emphasize herbivore feeding characteristics or plant competition as possible mechanisms. Field studies indicate, however, that plant-soil relations could be more important. We show by means of a graphical model that the interactions between water infiltration or nutrient retention and plant density potentially give rise to the existence of alternate stable vegetation states and threshold effects in semi-arid grazing systems, even without the effect of a non-linear herbivore functional response or plant competition. These interactions may trigger a positive feedback between reduced plant density and reduced resource availability, and lead to a collapse of the system. The model results are in line with well-documented observations of spatial and temporal patterns such as two-phase mosaics and stably degraded grasslands.
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McNaughton, S. J. (1983) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.2307/1942533 · Cited by 524
Cited by
Effects of fire and herbivory on the stability of savanna ecosystems.
Van Langevelde, F., Van De Vijver, C. A. D. M., Kumar, L., Van De Koppel, J., De Ridder, N., Van Andel, J., Skidmore, A. K., Hearne, J. W., Stroosnijder, L., Bond, W. J., et al. (2003) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[0337:eofaho]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 757
Self-citationNicholson, S. E. (2013) · ISRN Meteorology · doi:10.1155/2013/453521 · Cited by 742
ON THE RELEVANCE OF NONEQUILIBRIUM CONCEPTS TO ARID AND SEMIARID GRAZING SYSTEMS
Illius, A. W., & O’Connor, T. G. (1999) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[0798:otronc]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 567
Direct experimental evidence for alternative stable states: a review
Schröder, A., Persson, L., & De Roos, A. M. (2005) · Oikos · doi:10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.13962.x · Cited by 543
Extreme climatic events shape arid and semiarid ecosystems
Holmgren, M., Stapp, P., Dickman, C. R., Gracia, C., Graham, S., Gutiérrez, J. R., Hice, C., Jaksic, F., Kelt, D. A., Letnic, M., et al. (2006) · Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2006)004[0087:ecesaa]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 470
Metadata
- Authors
- Rietkerk, M., & van de Koppel, J.
- Venue
- Oikos
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1997-05
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 69
- ISSN
- 0030-1299 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2137021333
- Cited by
- 328
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 7.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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