The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The History of Freedom's Journal: A Study in Empowerment and Community
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
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Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“According to Bacon, this publication was created as a means to amplify a wider range of Black voices within public discourse about the positioning and future of Black people, not only in the United States, but also around the world.”
From Digital Black Voices: Podcasting and the Black Public Sphere (2022) · cites this paper as Bacon 2003
In the citing paper
“The cultural impact of Black mediated spaces, spaces that are occupied and organized by Black people and support Black centered discourse, draws its historical connection to Freedom's Journal , the first Black newspaper developed in 1827 in New York City [Bacon 2003].”
From Digital Black Voices: Podcasting and the Black Public Sphere (2022) · cites this paper as Bacon 2003
In the citing paper
“The Freedom Journal proved to be an important space for Black content creators to publicize the plight of Black people globally and encourage radical, emancipatory movements [Bacon 2003]; [Fraser 2016].”
From Digital Black Voices: Podcasting and the Black Public Sphere (2022) · cites this paper as Bacon 2003
In the citing paper
“Black print news, Black magazines, Black radio, and Black television have been critical in anchoring and fostering support for a range of social justice movements and for telling stories where Black people and their lives are centered [Bacon 2003]; [Dankey 2009]; [Fraser 2016]; [Payton and Kvansy 2012].”
From Digital Black Voices: Podcasting and the Black Public Sphere (2022) · cites this paper as Bacon 2003
Citations
Cites
Discovering the News: A Social History of American Newspapers
Leonard, T. C., & Schudson, M. (1979) · The Journal of American History · doi:10.2307/1900892 · Cited by 1,458
(1984) · Journal of Broadcasting · doi:10.1080/08838158409386544 · Cited by 711
(2010) · Encyclopedia of African American Education · doi:10.4135/9781412971966.n182 · Cited by 182
The press and America: An interpretative history of the mass media
Emery, E. (1978) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 175
Journalistic standards in nineteenth-century America
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-6188 · Cited by 131
Long Memory: The Black Experience in America
Jackson, S. (1982) · Ufahamu A Journal of African Studies · doi:10.5070/f7121017190 · Cited by 92
The Organized Educational Activities of Negro Literary Societies, 1828-1846
Porter, D. B. (1936) · The Journal of Negro Education · doi:10.2307/2292029 · Cited by 89
Woodson, C. G. (1915) · The Journal of Race Development · doi:10.2307/29738126 · Cited by 87
The Mississippi Valley Historical Review
(1935) · Journal of American History · doi:10.1093/jahist/21.4.621 · Cited by 80
News for all: America's coming-of-age with the press
Leonard, T. C. (1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-0102 · Cited by 76
Research works printed but not linked: 90
- Cornish Samuel E., 1827, Freedom's Journal (hereafter FJ), 16
- Gross Bella, 1977, The Journal of Negro History 27 (uly 1932): 241-86
- Nordin Kenneth, 1891, Journalism History 4 (Winter 1977-78): 123-28. This article builds on-and, in some cases, challenges and revises-these important studies. 31
- Gore George W., 1922, IN
- Tripp Bemell, 1827, Origins of the Black Press: New York
- Wolseley Roland E., 1971, IA, 24
- Finkle Lee, 1975, NJ, 17
- Simmons Charles A., 1998, NC, 9
- Kessler Lauren, 1984, CA
- Pride Armistead S., 1997, DC, 6
- Detweiler Frederick G., 1991, IL, 1922), 36; Clint C. Wilson II, Black Journalists in Paradox: Historical Perspectives and Current Dilemmas
- Bennett Lerone, 1968, IL
- Brewer William M., 1928, The Journal of Negro History, 13, 414
- Gronowicz Anthony, 1998, Race and Class Politics in New York City Before the Civil War (Boston
- Murphy Sharon, 1974, OH
- Sagarin Mary, 1970, Freedom's Journey (New York
- 1826, National Advocate
- H., Statesman
- American New York, 1822, New-York Evening Post
- Lapsansky Phillip, 1994, NY, 216
- Lapsansky Emma Jones, 1980, American Quarterly, 32, 61
- Cornish Samuel E., 1827, Russwurm, "Major Noah's 'Negroes,"' FJ
- Russwurm John B., FJ
- Samuel, 1827, FJ
- 1965, Lerone Bennett. Jr.
- Ottley Roi, 1967, The Negro
- Swift David E., 1989, LA
- Thompson Vincent Bakpetu, 2000, NJ, 39
- Cornish Samuel E., 1827, FJ
- Russwurm Cornish, To Our Patrons
- Condit Celeste Michelle, 1993, IL
- Levine Robert S., 2001, NJ, 22
- Humphrey Carol Sue, 1996, CT
- Horton James Oliver, 1997, Hope of Liberty: Culture, Community, and Protest Among Northern Free Blacks, 1700-1860 (New York
- Brown Richard D., The Diffusion of Information in Early America, 1700, 8
- Russwurm Cornish, Prospectus
- Freedom's Journal
- Untitled, 1827, Boston meeting, FJ
- Reed Harry, 1827, MI, 1994), 101-2. 26Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Thomas Hale to Isaac Barton
- 1993, To Awaken My Afflicted Brethren, 91-92
- Quarles Benjamin, 1827, FJ
- John, Records of the
- Russwurm, 1837, FJ
- 1829, Rights of All
- Segady Berardi, 1861, Development of African-American Newspapers
- Levesque George A., 1975, The Journal of Negro History, 60, 492
- Aptheker Herbert, 1965, Its Setting & Its Meaning
- Go Out Free He Shall, 1831, Liberator
- Hinks, To Awaken My Afflicted Brethren, 154-56. 43Bryan, "Negro Journalism
- Gore, Negro Journalism, 5; Clint C.
- Wilson, 1991, CT
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- Franklin V. P., 1992, NY, 177
- Russwurm Cornish, To Our Patrons
- Humphrey, Press of the Young Republic, 113-14. 50Hutton
- Russwurm John B., FJ
- Veritas, 1828, FJ
- Cornish Samuel E., 1827, FJ, 25, 1
- Segady Berardi, Development of African-American Newspapers
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- Cornish E., 1975, The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 104 (Autumn 1996): 486. 62Floyd J. Miller, The Search for a Black Nationality: Black Emigration and Colonization, 1787-1863 (Urbana
- John, 1827, Russwurm to R. R. Gurley
- 1827, FJ
- Cornish E., 1829, Rights of All
- Russwurm B., FJ
- Russwurm John B., 1828, editor
- Russwurm John B., 1828, FJ
- Russwurm B., 1829, FJ
- Russwurm B., 1829, FJ
- Search of Black Unity
- Foner, Origins of the
- Baldasty Gerald J., 1992, WI, 6
- Russwurm John B., 1829, FJ
- Payne Aaron Hamlet, 1923, The Howard Review, 1, 61
- Oak, Negro Newspaper, 122;
- Bryan, Negro Journalism
- Bennett Lerone, 1987, Ebony Magazine
- Horton James Oliver, 1999, Horton
- 1829, Our Vindication
- John, 1829, Russwurm to R. R. Gurley
- Garrison William Lloyd, 1831, Liberator
- Russwurm John B., FJ
- Hutton Frankie, 1995, Outsiders in 19th-Century Press History: Multicultural Perspectives, ed. Frankie Hutton and Barbara Straus Reed (Bowling Green
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Cited by
The Root and the Black Public Sphere
Lewis, R. L. (2012) · Humanity & Society · doi:10.1177/0160597612442160 · Cited by 2
Digital Black Voices: Podcasting and the Black Public Sphere
Jenkins, B. M., & Myers, T. K. (2022) · Digital Humanities Quarterly · doi:10.63744/g2kknjqvup3f
“…print news, Black magazines, Black radio, and Black television have been critical in anchoring and fostering support for a range of social justice movements and for telling stories where Black people and their lives are centered [Bacon 2003]; [Dankey 2009]; [Fraser 2016]; [Payton and Kvansy 2012].”
BackgroundInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Bacon, J.
- Corresponding author
- Bacon, Jacqueline
- Venue
- The Journal of African American History
- Publisher
- University of Chicago Press
- Published
- 2003-01
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-20
- ISSN
- 1548-1867 (ISSN-L)
- 2153-5086
- OpenAlex
- W2062452927
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2025: 15 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of African American History (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Race, History, and American Society
- Social Sciences › Communication › Journalism and Media Studies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Colonialism, slavery, and trade
- Keywords
- Freedom's Journal, Black press, African American newspapers, abolitionism, nineteenth-century African American history
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The History of Freedom's Journal: A Study in Empowerment and Community. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/3559045
- The paper
- Bacon, J. (2003). The History of Freedom's Journal: A Study in Empowerment and Community. The Journal of African American History. https://doi.org/10.2307/3559045
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
