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Cited by 73Diet, Metabolism, and DiseaseDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsDietary Effects on Health

Impaired Metabolic Flexibility to High-Fat Overfeeding Predicts Future Weight Gain in Healthy Adults

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Begaye, Brittany, Vinales, Karyne L., Hollstein, Tim, Ando, Takafumi, Walter, Mary, Bogardus, Clifton, Krakoff, Jonathan, Piaggi, Paolo·2020·Diabetes
DOI 10.2337/db19-0719PMC PMC6971489
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Abstract

The ability to switch fuels for oxidation in response to changes in macronutrient composition of diet (metabolic flexibility) may be informative of individuals’ susceptibility to weight gain. Seventy-nine healthy, weight-stable participants underwent 24-h assessments of energy expenditure and respiratory quotient (RQ) in a whole-room calorimeter during energy balance (EBL) (50% carbohydrate, 30% fat) and then during 24-h fasting and three 200% overfeeding diets in a crossover design. Metabolic flexibility was defined as the change in 24-h RQ from EBL during fasting and standard overfeeding (STOF) (50% carbohydrate, 30% fat), high-fat overfeeding (HFOF) (60% fat, 20% carbohydrate), and high-carbohydrate overfeeding (HCOF) (75% carbohydrate, 5% fat) diets. Free-living weight change was assessed after 6 and 12 months. Compared with EBL, RQ decreased on average by 9% during fasting and by 4% during HFOF but increased by 4% during STOF and by 8% during HCOF. A smaller decrease in RQ, reflecting a smaller increase in lipid oxidation rate, during HFOF but not during the other diets predicted greater weight gain at both 6 and 12 months. An impaired metabolic flexibility to acute HFOF can identify individuals prone to weight gain, indicating that an individual’s capacity to oxidize dietary fat is a metabolic determinant of weight change.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Begaye, B., Vinales, K. L., Hollstein, T., Ando, T., Walter, M., Bogardus, C., Krakoff, J., & Piaggi, P.
Affiliations
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • University of Pisa (IT)
Corresponding author
Piaggi, Paolo
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Published
2019-11-11
Volume
69
Issue
2
Pages
181-192
ISSN
  • 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-327X
DOI
10.2337/db19-0719
PMC
PMC6971489
OpenAlex
W2988593428
Cited by
73
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 6
FWCI
5.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2021-04-01)
Open access
Licence
www.diabetesjournals.org/content/license (vor, 70 d)
Locations
  • Diabetes (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-069029-11)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
Keywords
metabolic flexibility, weight gain prediction, respiratory quotient, lipid oxidation, energy expenditure, macronutrient composition, fasting, energy balance, obesity susceptibility, healthy adults
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Energy Metabolism, Fasting, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Weight Gain, Young Adult

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