Age-Specific Trends From 2000–2011 in All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study of More Than One Million People
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze changes by age-group in all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates from 2000–2011 in people with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 1,189,079 (7.3% with type 1 diabetes) Australians with diabetes registered on the National Diabetes Service Scheme between 2000 and 2011 were linked to the National Death Index. Mortality rates in the total population were age standardized to the 2001 Australian population. Mortality rates were calculated for the following age-groups: 0 to <40 years, ≥ 40 to <60 years, and ≥60 to ≤85 years. Annual mortality rates were fitted using a Poisson regression model including calendar year as a covariate and age and sex where appropriate, with Ptrend reported. RESULTS: For type 1 diabetes, all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) decreased each year by 0.61, 0.35, and 0.14 per 1,000 person-years (PY), respectively, between 2000 and 2011, Ptrend < 0.05, while cancer mortality remained unchanged. By age, significant decreases in all-cause, CVD, and diabetes mortality rates were observed in all age-groups, excluding diabetes mortality in age-group 0–40 years. For type 2 diabetes, all-cause, CVD, and diabetes ASMRs decreased per year by 0.18, 0.15, and 0.03 per 1,000 PY, respectively, Ptrend < 0.001, while cancer remained unchanged. By age, these decreases were observed in all age-groups, excluding 0–40 years, where significant increases in all-cause and cancer mortality were noted and no change was seen for CVD and diabetes mortality. CONCLUSIONS: All-cause, CVD, and diabetes ASMRs in type 1 and type 2 diabetes decreased between 2000 and 2011, while cancer ASMRs remained unchanged. However, younger populations are not benefiting from the same improvements as older populations. In addition, the absence of a decline in cancer mortality warrants urgent attention.
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In Australia in 2011, death rates were 28.0 for men and 22.6 for women per 1,000 person-years for those with type 1 diabetes mellitus aged 60-85 years.
“Death rates were lower in Australia: in 2011, they were 28.0 for men and 22.6 for women per 1,000 person-years for those with T1DM aged 60–85 years41.”
From The epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus in older adults (2025) · cites this paper as [41]
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Joseph, J. J., Deedwania, P., Acharya, T., Aguilar, D., Bhatt, D. L., Chyun, D. A., Di Palo, K. E., Golden, S. H., Sperling, L. S., & on behalf of the American Heart Association Diabetes Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Arteriosclerosis, T. A. V. B. C. O. C. C. A. C. O. H. (2022) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001040 · Cited by 660 · see citing works
Pearson-Stuttard, J., Bennett, J., Cheng, Y. J., Vamos, E. P., Cross, A. J., Ezzati, M., & Gregg, E. W. (2021) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30431-9 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
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The epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus in older adults
Tomic, D., Harding, J. L., Jenkins, A. J., Shaw, J. E., & Magliano, D. J. (2025) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-024-01046-z · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“Death rates were lower in Australia: in 2011, they were 28.0 for men and 22.6 for women per 1,000 person-years for those with T1DM aged 60–85 years 41 .”
InfluentialSelf-citation
- Authors
- Harding, J. L., Shaw, J. E., Peeters, A., Davidson, S., & Magliano, D. J.
- Affiliations
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AU)
- Deakin University (AU)
- Diabetes Australia (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Harding, Jessica L.
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2016-04-26
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1018-1026
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2345221312
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 13.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Own your potential (DEAKIN) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, cardiovascular mortality, cancer mortality, age-standardized mortality rates, age differences, mortality trends, young adults, Australia
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Australia, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cause of Death, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Regression Analysis, Cohort Studies, Poisson Distribution, Young Adult
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