The Fallacy of Average: How Using HbA1c Alone to Assess Glycemic Control Can Be Misleading
Beck, Roy W., Connor, Crystal G., Mullen, Deborah M., Wesley, David M., Bergenstal, Richard M.·2017·Diabetes Care
Cited by (478)
Items 401–478 of 478
- I rely more on self-monitoring of blood glucose than HbA1c to assess diabetes control. Do you?Kanika Tyagi · 2020 · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2018. Chapter 8. Glycemic control targets and glucose monitoring for children, adolescents, and young adults with diabetesPrepared by N. B. Zelinska · 2020 · Ukrainian Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology
- Identifying Clinical Phenotypes of Type 1 Diabetes for the Co-Optimization of Weight and Glycemic ControlAnna R. Kahkoska · 2020 · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)
- New Trends: Time in Range and the Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Devices on Glycemic ControlKaryna Lucena Valença De Souza, Marcela Mascarenhas Braga Rassi, Diana Aristótelis Rocha de Sá, Renata Maksoud Bussuan, Luciana Corrêa de Souza Rodrigues, Alberto Krayyem Arbex · 2021 · European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
- Methoden der Stoffwechselkontrolle – HbA1c versus „time in range“Guido Freckmann, Sina Buck, Delia Waldenmaier, Cornelia Haug · 2021 · Der Diabetologe
- «Your glycemic control is optimal... on average»: HbA1c pitfalls in glucose monitoring of patients with diabetesNino Cristiano Chilelli · 2017 · The Journal of AMD
- Does HbA1c Remain the Most Important Therapeutic Target in Outpatient Management of Diabetes?Kristen M. Gonzales, Steve Smith · 2021 · Wiley eBooks
- The Association of Exercise Blood Glucose Levels and Post-Exercise Hypoglycemia in Adults with Type 1 DiabetesHeather Hinz · 2020 · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta)
- Désordres glycémiques2019 · Elsevier eBooks
- ConclusionsValentino Cherubini · 2020 · Springer eBooks
- A New Term for Estimating HbA1c by Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Glucose Management Indicator (GMI)坤 胡 · 2021 · Advances in Clinical Medicine
- Time in range: new parameter to evaluate blood glucose controlMilan Flekač · 2022 · Vnitřní lékařství
- Session One: Basal Insulins: Still Innovating After All These YearsLisa Michel · 2017 · EMJ Diabetes
- Todo lo que usted quiso saber sobre la monitorización de la glucosa y nunca se atrevió a preguntarJosé Miguel Borrachero Guijarro, Ana María Cebrián Cuenca · 2022 · Diabetes práctica
- Glucose Monitoring Systems - general rules of use and chances in therapy of type 1 diabetesMichał Garstka, Anna GADOMSKA, Justyna Kurek, Rafał GORZYŃSKI, Hanna DOMINIK, Zuzanna Czudy, Wojciech PAWĘSKA, Justyna MOLCZYK-SIEŃCZAK, Jan RADWAŃSKI, Marika POLATOWSKA · 2023 · Journal of Education Health and Sport
- Real-time continuous glucose monitoring systems in patients with type 1 diabetes. Expert group reportDorota Zozulińska‐Ziółkiewicz, Maciej Tadeusz Malecki, Leszek Czupryniak, Przemysława A. Jarosz-Chobot, Tomasz Klupa, Małgorzata Myśliwiec, Agnieszka Szadkowska, Agnieszka Szypowska, Andrzej Gawrecki, Beata Mianowska et al. · 2021 · Current Topics in Diabetes
- The Effect of Insulin Degludec Versus Insulin Glargine U100 on Glucose Metrics Recorded During Continuous Glucose Monitoring in People With Type 1 Diabetes and Recurrent Nocturnal Severe HypoglycemiaJulie Maria Bøggild Brøsen, Rikke Mette Agesen, Amra Ciric Alibegovic, Henrik Ullits Andersen, Henning Beck‐Nielsen, Peter Gustenhoff, Troels Krarup Hansen, Christoffer Hedetoft, Tonny Joran Jensen, Claus Bogh Juhl et al. · 2023 · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
- Do not report estimated average glucose (eAG) from HbA1c: Evidence is emergingYu Chen · 2023 · Clinical Biochemistry
- Haemoglobin glycation index (HGI) as a marker of individual glycation in diabetesMartin Pehr, Jan Škrha · 2023 · Vnitřní lékařství
- Estimating Glycemia from HbA1c and CGM: Analysis of Accuracy and Sources of DiscrepancyVeronica Tozzo, Matthew T. Genco, Shammah O. Omololu, Christopher Mow, Hasmukh R. Patel, Chhaya H. Patel, Samantha N. Ho, Ngoc Thi Dang Lam, Batoul Abdulsater, Nikita Patel et al. · 2024
- Bibliometric Insight into Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Diabetes Glycemic Control: Research Structure and Hotspots EvolutionDuo Zhang, Yaqin Yang, Jiaqi Zhang, Junhui Chen, Lihua Huang, Lei Zhang, Xusheng Liu · 2024 · SSRN Electronic Journal
- Benefícios do monitoramento contínuo da glicose na prevenção de complicações vasculares em pacientes com DM1Vanessa Farias Lopes, Bárbara Borges Ferreira, Bruna Aranha Henrique, Camila Martins Palmeira de Oliveira, Isabella Lugon-Moulin Maraboti, Raquel Dália Costa da Silva Paiva, Isabella Pêgo Miranda Netto · 2024 · Brazilian Journal of Health Review
- Prevalence of poor glycemic control and the monitoring utility of glycated albumin among diabetic patients attending clinic in tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania: A cross-sectional study protocolGeorge Gabriel Mkumbi, Matobogolo Boaz · 2024 · PLoS ONE
- Technologies for Diabetes, volume II2024 · Frontiers research topics
- Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in hospitalized elderly patientsDarina Matvejeva, Martina Nováková, Pavlína Piťhová, Lucie Tománková, Vladimíra Kotvová, Daniela Polanecká, Milan Kvapil · 2024 · Vnitřní lékařství
- ҮЗДІКСІЗ ГЛИКЕМИЯЛЫҚ МОНИТОРИНГ – ДИАБЕТОЛОГИЯДАҒЫ ЖАҢА ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛАР (әдеби шолу)Indira Kaibagarova, Н М Мавлюдова, Нургалиева Ж.Ж., А. К. Овсянникова, Marina Kalzhanova · 2024 · Farmaciâ Kazahstana
- The Association Between Time in Range %, Measured by Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) and Physical Health Agility Status Indices Amongst Older People with T2D: A Cross-Sectional StudyYamit Basson-Shleymovich, Tal Yahalom-Peri, Michal Azmon, Tali Cukierman‐Yaffe · 2024 · Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Glycemic Matrix and Segmentation: A New Metabolic Visualization and Analysis ToolAlberto Conde Mellado, Nere Arroniz, Leire Francés · 2024 · Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences
- Impacto del inicio de la monitorización flash de glucosa en pacientes adultos con diabetes tipo 1Rebeca Jiménez Sahagún · 2024 · UVaDOC UVaDOC University of Valladolid Documentary Repository (University of Valladolid)
- Associação entre fatores relacionados à alimentação e ao tratamento com o controle glicêmico e o estado nutricional de pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 usuários de sistema de infusão contínua de insulinaRenata Cristina Machado Mendes, Natasha Vasconcelos Albuquerque, Renan Magalhães Montenegro, Maria Yasmin Paz Teixeira Martins, Carolina Maria Teixeira dos Santos Porto, A Nunes, Carla Soraya Costa Maia, Samila Torquato Araújo · 2022 · Nutrición clínica y dietética hospitalaria/Nutrición clínica, dietética hospitalaria
- Glycemic Goals and Assessment of Glycemia2022 · American Diabetes Association eBooks
- Pourquoi la variabilité glycémique est-elle si importante dans le risque d’hypoglycémie iatrogène : de la théorie à la pratiqueL. Monnier, C Colette, Éric Renard, Pierre‐Yves Benhamou · 2025 · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques
- Tecnologia no cuidado de pacientes com Diabetes tipo 1: a trajetória na Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito FederalBetyna Saldanha Corbal, Rafaela Flavia da Silva Puzic, Eliziane Brandão Leite, Érica Tatiane da Silva, Manuela Costa Melo, Michele Delarmelina Reis Borba, Camille Moreira Baptista da Silva · 2025 · Caderno Pedagógico
- Research Progress on the Relationship between Time within the Target Range of Glucose and Diabetes-Related Complications来来 石 · 2025 · Advances in Clinical Medicine
- Value of continuous glucose monitoring in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitusDina A.H. Hegazy, Adel Ali Erfan, Wesam Salah Ibrahim, Sara I.El Shall · 2025 · Alexandria Journal of Pediatrics
- Validation of a predictive calculator for optimal glycemic control and time-in-tight-range following CGM sensor placement in type 1 diabetes and pancreatic diabetes: a prospective studyFernando Sebastián‐Valles, Juan Javier López-Hidalgo, Silvia Cañas Sierra, Víctor Navas-Moreno, José Alfonso Arranz Martín, Miguel Antonio Sampedro-Nuñez, Mónica Marazuela · 2025 · Endocrine
- Time in range and serum cystatin C as predictors of diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetesLiangJun He, Jing Chen, WeiHong Chen, XinRu Shen · 2025 · Journal of Laboratory Medicine
- Prevalence of autoimmune comorbidities and association with glycemic control by CGM-derived parameters in type 1 diabetesLopes, Ana Margarida Rebelo · 2025 · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)
- Additional file 1 of Impact of socioeconomic status on chronic control and complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus in users of glucose flash systems: a follow-up studyFernando Sebastián‐Valles, Julia Martínez Alfonso, Arranz Martin, Jose Alfonso, Jessica Jiménez‐Díaz, Iñigo Hernando Alday, Víctor Navas-Moreno, Teresa Armenta Joya, Maria del Mar Fandiño García, Gisela Liz Román Gómez, Jon Garai Hierro et al. · 2024 · Figshare
- Additional file 1 of Association between hemoglobin within the normal range and hemoglobin A1c among Chinese non-diabetes adultsLai, Yi, Lin, Zhihong, Zhu, Zhongxin · 2021 · Figshare
- Additional file 1 of Age-specific differences in association of glycosylated hemoglobin levels with the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among nondiabetics: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018Ruihan Fan, Li, Shuna, Xue, Zihan, Ruida Yang, Lyu, Jun, He, Hairong · 2024 · Figshare
- Additional file 1 of Effects of personalized diets by prediction of glycemic responses on glycemic control and metabolic health in newly diagnosed T2DM: a randomized dietary intervention pilot trialMichal Rein, Orly Ben-Yacov, Anastasia Godneva, Smadar Shilo, Niv Zmora, Dmitry S. Kolobkov, Noa Cohen-Dolev, Wolf, Bat-Chen, Noa Kosower, Maya Lotan‐Pompan et al. · 2022 · Figshare
- Additional file 3 of Effects of personalized diets by prediction of glycemic responses on glycemic control and metabolic health in newly diagnosed T2DM: a randomized dietary intervention pilot trialMichal Rein, Orly Ben-Yacov, Anastasia Godneva, Smadar Shilo, Niv Zmora, Dmitry S. Kolobkov, Noa Cohen-Dolev, Wolf, Bat-Chen, Noa Kosower, Maya Lotan‐Pompan et al. · 2022 · Figshare
- Bayesian cross-individual transfer learning for optimising predictive ratio CUSUM monitoring schemeZiwei Chen, Jiao Yu, Chunjie Wu, Fugee Tsung · 2025 · International Journal of Production Research
- Letter: Response to: “Lack of Association Between Hemoglobin A1c and Continuous Glucose Monitor Metrics Among Individuals with Prediabetes and Normoglycemia”Simon Lebech Cichosz · 2025 · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
- Development of the health economic model for type 2 diabetes considering glycaemic variabilityZhuoqi Gu, Lei Chen, Kexin Zhan, Xiaoyu Xi, Jing Wang · 2026 · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism
- Time in range and its association with sudomotor dysfunction in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitusIsmael A. Quintal-Medina, Rossy S. López-Prieto, Karen A. Romero-Torres, Ana Cristina García-Ulloa, Francisco Javier Gomez-Perez, Paloma Almeda‐Valdés · 2026 · Endocrinología Diabetes y Nutrición
- Glycemic management in adults with type 1 diabetesChrysi C. Koliaki, Stavros Liatis · 2026 · Elsevier eBooks
- Glycated hemoglobin and dynapenia in community- dwelling older people with and without diabetes: A cross-sectional studyAndré Luiz da Silva, Daniela Braga Lima, Gustavo Andrade Brancaglion, Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado, Ligiana Pires Corona, Tábatta Renata Pereira de Brito · 2026 · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders
- Associations between the surrogate markers of insulin resistance and the mean blood glucose fluctuation amplitude in type 2 diabetic patients with different BMIsZhai Ll, Nan Chen, Yue Wang, Tianrong Pan · 2026 · European journal of medical research
- Impact de la modulation de la digestibilité de l’amidon sur la variabilité et le contrôle glycémiques dans la prise en charge du diabète de type 2Anne-Esther Breyton · 2020 · theses.fr (ABES)
- Continuous glucose monitoring-based evaluation of percentage coefficient of variation (%CV) as a metric of intraday glycemic variability in South IndiaMohammed Azhar Hussain, Anil Kumar H., Mahadevamma Lingaiah · 2026 · Scientific Reports
- The Current Role and Clinical Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Canadian Adults Living With Type 2 DiabetesJeremy Gilbert, Sonja M. Reichert, Tammy Cadieux, Peter Alexander Senior · 2026 · Canadian Journal of Diabetes
- Intermittent Use of Flash Glucose Monitoring as a Useful Tool for Patients with Type 1 Diabetes in Developing CountriesBasma Z. Elmorsy, Hossam Arafa Ghazi, Amira S. Nowara, Hanan Abdelhay Elsherbiny · 2026 · International Journal of Diabetes and Technology
- Clinical and socioeconomic determinants of glycaemic control derived from continuous glucose monitoring in adults with type 1 diabetesÁngel Manuel Mesa Díaz, Pablo Rodríguez de Vera Gómez, María Ruíz Rodríguez, Samuel Belmonte Lomas, Blanca Gómez Zaragoza, Eduardo Mayoral Sánchez, María Asunción Martínez Brocca · 2026 · Frontiers in Endocrinology
- Trans-ethnic estimation and implications of genetic impact on continuous glycemic profilesEvan Yi-Wen Yu, Hui-Ying Ren, Xinxiu Liang, Yue Xi, Menglei Shuai, Zelei Miao, Fengzhe Xu, Ke Zhang, Luqi Shen, Hui Xia et al. · 2026 · Cell Discovery
- Time in range and its association with sudomotor dysfunction in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitusIsmael A. Quintal-Medina, Rossy S. López-Prieto, Karen A. Romero-Torres, Ana Cristina García-Ulloa, Francisco Javier Gomez-Perez, Paloma Almeda‐Valdés · 2026 · Endocrinología Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed )
- Patterns of One-Year Change in HbA1c and Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Metrics in Older Adults with Type 2 DiabetesTianyu Cao, Michael Fang, Amelia S. Wallace, Natalie Daya Malek, Arielle Valint, Dan Wang, Justin Basile Echouffo-Tcheugui, Scott L. Zeger, Elizabeth Selvin · 2026 · Clinical Chemistry
- Sustained reductions in hyperglycemia using a diabetes app with connected glucose meters in people with type 2 diabetes at higher risk for complicationsMike Grady, Stephen MacKintosh, Matthew Fryett, Elizabeth Holt · 2026 · Exploration of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases
- What Makes the Difference? Predicting Glycemic Trajectories Following Initiation of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems in Youth With Type 1 DiabetesJAYDE T. HOOVEN-DAVIS, Christina M. Lalama, SARAH A. SYER, Scott D. Rothenberger, Ingrid M. Libman, Christine A. March · 2026 · Diabetes Care
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Older‐Old With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review of Evidence and RecommendationsPatrice Darmon, Anne‐Sophie Boureau, Bernard Bauduceau, Judith Charbit, Benjamin Bouillet, Kamel Mohammedi, Bruno Guerci, Olivier Hanon · 2026 · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism
- Association of glycation gap with hypoglycemia CGM indices, diabetic complications, and quality of life in Japanese type 2 diabetes patientsSatomi Sonoda, Yosuke Okada, Tomoya Mita, Keiichi Torimoto, Kenichi Tanaka, Fumiya Sato, Naoto Katakami, Hidenori Yoshii, Keiko Nishida, Shingo Nakayamada et al. · 2026 · Journal of Diabetes Investigation
- AI in Diabetes Management: Neural Architecture Search for Blood Glucose PredictionAritra Ray, Peter Domanski, Farshad Firouzi, Dirk Pflüger, Krishnendu Chakrabarty · 2025 · Springer eBooks
- High blood glucose index stratifies glycaemic severity and identifies occult type 2 diabetes risk in prediabetes via single‐day continuous glucose monitoring: A multi‐cohort studyWeiming Wu, Shihan Wang, Junxiang Gao, Shuoning Song, Yating Zhang, Yong Fu, Mengmeng Zhang, Tao Yuan, Weigang Zhao · 2026 · Diabetic Medicine
- Comparative effectiveness of pioglitazone and sitagliptin added to metformin and sulfonylurea in patients with type 2 diabetesTae Hyeon Kim, Yerin Hwang, Selin Woo, Kyeongmin Lee, Yejun Son, Seoyoung Park, Hyunjee Kim, Ju‐Young Shin, YongHyun Cho, Dahye Shin et al. · 2026 · Medicine
- Glycemic and safety outcomes of the insulin-only bionic pancreas in older adults and individuals with impaired awareness of Hypoglycemia: a post hoc analysis of a randomized pivotal trialPuguh Oktavian, Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu, Indah Mohd Amin, Sony Wibisono Mudjanarko · 2026 · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
- Interpretation of CGM and Insulin Pump DownloadsDavid John McDonnell, Diarmuid Smith, Hannah Elizabeth Forde · 2026 · Springer eBooks
- Glucose Dispersion Is Associated With Contrast Sensitivity Beyond Average GlycemiaRen Zhang · 2026 · medRxiv
- Effects of short-bout accumulated physical activity and sedentary-break interventions on continuous glucose monitoring metrics in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysisSicheng Cao, Haozhe Wang, Yongliang Zhu, Changkun Shan, Wenjia Chen · 2026 · Frontiers in Endocrinology
- Research progress in microneedle-based electrochemical sensing for health monitoringYumeng Zhao, Xin Cheng, Zheyuan Fan, Linshuang Mu, Haotian Li, Shaohua Song, Zhanhong Li, Itthipon Jeerapan, Zhigang Zhu · 2026 · Biomedical Instrumentation
- The management of type 1 diabetes in adults. The updated 2026 consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)Richard I. G. Holt, J. Hans DeVries, Amy Hess Fischl, Irl B. Hirsch, Marian Sue Kirkman, Tomasz Klupa, Barbara Ludwig, Kirsten Nørgaard, Jeremy Pettus, Éric Renard et al. · 2026 · Diabetologia
- Association Between Continuous Glucose Monitoring–Derived Time in Range and Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of current evidenceSiddharth Manish Lodha, S. Kumar, Shubho Acharya, Parth Dhamelia, Sandeep Garg · 2026 · medRxiv
- Remission or Reprieve? The Three Clocks of Type 2 Diabetes RemissionVivek Jha, Sanjay Kumar Bhadada · 2026 · Endocrine Practice
- Empirical transition probability modeling of continuous glucose monitoring dataYuanzhi Yu, Margaret M. Banker, Jennifer Sherr, Denise M. Scholtens · 2026 · PLoS ONE
- Evolution of risk management in diabetes mellitus: from standardized restrictions to personalized technological solutionsS. J. Qosimova · 2026 · Health care of Tajikistan
- The Role of Hemoglobin A1C in the Era of Continuous Glucose MonitoringJordan E. Perlman · 2026 · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
- National Trends and Predictors of Adverse Outcomes in Hypoglycemia Hospitalizations in the United States, 2017–2022Abu Huraira Bin Gulzar, Sheraz Hakeem, Muhammad Umer Sohail, Aima Tahir, Tamseer Tariq, Rasheeda Shehroz, Moiz Shah Khan, Ismail Rahim, Umme Aiman, Muhammad Afnan Ashraf et al. · 2026 · Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism
- Clinical Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring for 6–12 Months in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes – A Retrospective, Chart-review Study from IndiaJothydev Kesavadev, Jaikishan Agrawal, Arun Shankar, Banshi Saboo · 2026 · International Journal of Diabetes and Technology