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Glucokinase as Glucose Sensor and Metabolic Signal Generator in Pancreatic β-Cells and Hepatocytes
Abstract
This article reviews evidence for a pivotal role of glucokinase as glucose sensor of the pancreatic β-cells. Glucokinase explains the capacity, hexose specificity, affinities, sigmoidicity, and anomeric preference of pancreatic islet glycolysis, and because stimulation of glucose metabolism is a prerequisite of glucose stimulation of insulin release, glucokinase also explains many characteristics of this β-cell function. Glucokinase of the β-cell is induced or activated by glucose in contrast to liver glucokinase, which is regulated by insulin. Tissue-specific regulation corresponds with observations that liver and pancreatic β-cell glucokinase are structurally distinct. Glucokinase could play a glucose-sensor role in hepatocytes as well, and certain forms of diabetes mellitus might be due to glucokinase deficiencies in pancreatic β-cells, hepatocytes, or both.
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Cited by
Oxidative Stress and Stress-Activated Signaling Pathways: A Unifying Hypothesis of Type 2 Diabetes
Evans, J. L., Goldfine, I. D., Maddux, B. A., & Grodsky, G. M. (2002) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2001-0039 · Cited by 2,232
Postic, C., Shiota, M., Niswender, K. D., Jetton, T. L., Chen, Y., Moates, J. M., Shelton, K. D., Lindner, J., Cherrington, A. D., & Magnuson, M. A. (1999) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.274.1.305 · Cited by 1,302
Role of the liver in the control of carbohydrate and lipid homeostasis
Postic, C., Dentin, R., & Girard, J. (2004) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70133-7 · Cited by 448
Human and rat beta cells differ in glucose transporter but not in glucokinase gene expression.
De Vos, A., Heimberg, H., Quartier, E., Huypens, P., Bouwens, L., Pipeleers, D., & Schuit, F. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci118308 · Cited by 425
Beer, N. L., Tribble, N. D., McCulloch, L. J., Roos, C., Johnson, P. R. V., Orho-Melander, M., & Gloyn, A. L. (2009) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddp357 · Cited by 401
Metadata
- Authors
- Matschinsky, F. M.
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 1990-06-01
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 647-652
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W2116828634
- Cited by
- 619
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 31.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Glucokinase as Glucose Sensor and Metabolic Signal Generator in Pancreatic β-Cells and Hepatocytes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2337/diab.39.6.647
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- Matschinsky, F. M. (1990). Glucokinase as Glucose Sensor and Metabolic Signal Generator in Pancreatic β-Cells and Hepatocytes. Diabetes. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.39.6.647
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
