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Infant Feeding in Finnish Children <7 yr of Age With Newly Diagnosed IDDM
Abstract
Objective: We studied associations between the type of feeding in infancy and the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Research Design And Methods: We studied 103 newly diagnosed diabetic children <7 yr of age and 103 age- and sex-matched population-based control children in a countrywide study. Results: The risk of IDDM was decreased (P < 0.05) among children breast-fed for at least 7 mo (odds ratio [OR] 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24–0.85) or exclusively breast-fed for at least 3 (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13–0.84) or 4 (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.22–0.84) mo. Also, children who were ≥4 mo old at the time of introduction of supplementary milk feeding had a lower risk of diabetes (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.26–0.91). Conclusions: The protective effects of a long duration of breast-feeding and a late introduction of dairy products on the risk of IDDM remained significant after adjusting for the mother's education.
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Citations
Cited by
Interventions for promoting the initiation of breastfeeding
Balogun, O. O., O'Sullivan, E. J., McFadden, A., Ota, E., Gavine, A., Garner, C. D., Renfrew, M. J., & MacGillivray, S. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001688.pub3 · Cited by 455
An Update on the Etiology and Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus
ADEGHATE, E., SCHATTNER, P., & DUNN, E. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1372.029 · Cited by 388
Breastfeeding Provides Passive and Likely Long-Lasting Active Immunity
Hanson, L. A. (1998) · Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology · doi:10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62704-4 · Cited by 339
Dietary intervention in infancy and later signs of beta-cell autoimmunity
Knip, M., Virtanen, S. M., Seppä, K., Ilonen, J., Savilahti, E., Vaarala, O., Reunanen, A., Teramo, K., Hämäläinen, A.-M., Paronen, J., et al. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1004809 · Cited by 281
Self-citationNutritional risk predictors of β cell autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes at a young age
Virtanen, S. M., & Knip, M. (2003) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/78.6.1053 · Cited by 220
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Metadata
- Authors
- Virtanen, S. M., Räsänen, L., Aro, A., Lindström, J., Sippola, H., Lounamaa, R., Toivanen, L., Tuomilehto, J., Åkerblom, H. K., & Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 1991-05-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 415-417
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W1999952223
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 11.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Infant Feeding in Finnish Children <7 yr of Age With Newly Diagnosed IDDM. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2337/diacare.14.5.415
- The paper
- Virtanen, S. M., Räsänen, L., Aro, A., Lindström, J., Sippola, H., Lounamaa, R., Toivanen, L., Tuomilehto, J., Åkerblom, H. K., & Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group. (1991). Infant Feeding in Finnish Children <7 yr of Age With Newly Diagnosed IDDM. Diabetes Care. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.14.5.415
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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