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The History of Insulin

Bliss, Michael·1993·Diabetes Care

DOI 10.2337/diacare.16.3.4

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Intranasal insulin delivery and therapy1Abbreviations: α-CD, α-cyclodextrin; β-CD, β-cyclodextrin; γ-CD, γ-cyclodextrin; AUC, area under the plasma/serum concentration versus time curve; Cmax, maximum or peak plasma/serum concentration; Cmin, minimum plasma/serum concentration; DDPC, didecanoyl-L-α-phosphatidylcholine; DM-β-CD, dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; HLB, hydrophile–lipophile balance; hGH, human growth hormone; HP-β-CD, hydroxy-propyl-β-cyclodextrin; HPC, hydroxypropylcellulose; HSA, human serum albumin; Hyaff 11, hyaluronic acid ester; IDDM, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; Ig, immunoglobulin; Laureth-9, polyoxyethylene-9-lauryl ether; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; LPG, lysophosphatidylglycerol; MCC, microcrystalline cellulose; MTR, mucociliary transport rate; NIDDM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; PC, phosphatidylcholine; RAMEB, randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin; SDC, sodium deoxycholate; SGC, sodium glycocholate; STDHF, sodium taurodihydrofusidate; 99mTc, 99mtechnetium; TER, transepithelial resistance.1
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Authors: Bliss, M.
Affiliations: University of Toronto (CA)
Corresponding author: Bliss, Michael
Venue: Diabetes Care
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 1993-12-01
Volume: 16
Issue: Supplement_3
Pages: 4-7
ISSN: 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
1935-5548
DOI: 10.2337/diacare.16.3.4
OpenAlex: W1999428392
Cited by: 104
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 33.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Medical History and Innovations
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Historical Medical Research and Treatments
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › History of Science and Medicine
Keywords: insulin, history of insulin, insulin discovery, diabetes mellitus, diabetes treatment
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Drug Industry, Humans, Insulin, Ontario, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century

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The History of Insulin

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