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E-health in low- and middle-income countries: findings from the Center for Health Market Innovations
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe how information communication technology (ICT) is being used by programmes that seek to improve private sector health financing and delivery in low- and middle-income countries, including the main uses of the technology and the types of technologies being used. METHODS: In-country partners in 16 countries directly searched systematically for innovative health programmes and compiled profiles in the Center for Health Market Innovations' database. These data were supplemented through literature reviews and with self-reported data supplied by the programmes themselves. FINDINGS: In many low- and middle-income countries, ICT is being increasingly employed for different purposes in various health-related areas. Of ICT-enabled health programmes, 42% use it to extend geographic access to health care, 38% to improve data management and 31% to facilitate communication between patients and physicians outside the physician's office. Other purposes include improving diagnosis and treatment (17%), mitigating fraud and abuse (8%) and streamlining financial transactions (4%). The most common devices used in technology-enabled programmes are phones and computers; 71% and 39% of programmes use them, respectively, and the most common applications are voice (34%), software (32%) and text messages (31%). Donors are the primary funders of 47% of ICT-based health programmes. CONCLUSION: Various types of ICT are being employed by private organizations to address key health system challenges. For successful implementation, however, more sustainable sources of funding, greater support for the adoption of new technologies and better ways of evaluating impact are required.
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“mHealth interventions in sub-Saharan Africa, and in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in general, are raising high expectations among development agencies, policymakers and researchers [16–18].”
From Situating mobile health: a qualitative study of mHealth expectations in the rural health district of Nouna, Burkina Faso (2017) · cites this paper as [17]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lewis, T., Synowiec, C., Lagomarsino, G., & Schweitzer, J.
- Affiliations
- Results for Development Institute (US)
- Venue
- Bulletin of the World Health Organization
- Publisher
- WHO Press
- Published
- 2012-05-01
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 332-340
- ISSN
- 0042-9686 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3341696
- OpenAlex
- W2130498694
- Cited by
- 319
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 60.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Bulletin of the World Health Organization (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › ICT in Developing Communities
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Keywords
- e-health, information and communication technologies, health care delivery, low- and middle-income countries, geographic access to care, health data management, patient-physician communication, mobile health, health technology adoption
- MeSH terms
- Delivery of Health Care, Developing Countries, Diffusion of Innovation, Hospital Information Systems, Humans, Global Health, Program Evaluation, Private Sector, Telemedicine, Access to Information, Internationality, Electronic Health Records, Self Report
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