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The viscosity of basaltic magma; an analysis of field measurements in Makaopuhi lava lake, Hawaii
Open accessAbstract
The methods of rotation viscometry have been applied in the field to a tholeiitic lava at 1130 degrees to 1135 degrees C containing about 25 percent crystals and 2 to 5 percent gas bubbles, using a stainless steel spindle inserted through the lava crust. The results agree well with the Bingham model. Yield values in the lava are 1200 and 700 dynes cm (super -2) , and the plastic constants are 6500 and 7500 poises. Laboratory studies in silicone fluid show gas bubbles enhance plastic behavior. In general, lavas must be treated as non-Newtonian fluids; the conditions that may cause different types of fluid behavior in tholeiitic lava are outlined.
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Citations
Cited by
Ascent and eruption of basaltic magma on the Earth and Moon
Wilson, L., & Head, J. W. (1981) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth · doi:10.1029/jb086ib04p02971 · Cited by 732
Mars: Review and analysis of volcanic eruption theory and relationships to observed landforms
Wilson, L., & Head, J. W. (1994) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/94rg01113 · Cited by 366
FLOWGO: a kinematic thermo-rheological model for lava flowing in a channel
Harris, A., & S., R. (2001) · Bulletin of Volcanology · doi:10.1007/s004450000120 · Cited by 277
Effect of a Hadean terrestrial magma ocean on crust and mantle evolution
Hofmeister, A. M. (1983) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth · doi:10.1029/jb088ib06p04963 · Cited by 64
Metadata
- Authors
- Shaw, H. R., Wright, T. L., Peck, D. L., & Okamura, R.
- Venue
- American Journal of Science
- Publisher
- American Journal of Science (AJS)
- Published
- 1968-04-01
- Volume
- 266
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 225-264
- ISSN
- 0002-9599 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1966749080
- Cited by
- 396
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 3.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The viscosity of basaltic magma; an analysis of field measurements in Makaopuhi lava lake, Hawaii. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2475/ajs.266.4.225
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- Shaw, H. R., Wright, T. L., Peck, D. L., & Okamura, R. (1968). The viscosity of basaltic magma; an analysis of field measurements in Makaopuhi lava lake, Hawaii. American Journal of Science. https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.266.4.225
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
