Counterfactuals in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Evidence from Human Reasoning

Explanation in artificial intelligence: Insights from the social sciences

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LEx: A Framework for Operationalising Layers of Machine Learning ExplanationsPreprint

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Twin Systems for DeepCBR: A Menagerie of Deep Learning and Case-Based Reasoning Pairings for Explanation and Data AugmentationPreprint

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Are numerical or verbal explanations of AI the key to appropriate user reliance and error detection?

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Achieving Socio-Economic Parity through the Lens of EU AI Act

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From Facts to Foils: Designing and Evaluating Counterfactual Explanations for Smart Environments

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Counterfactual Reasoning Frameworks for Transparent AI Decision Making

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Precious Metal Prediction by Using XAI in the Perspective of Digital Transformation

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MIPCE: Generating Multiple Patches Counterfactual-Changing Explanations for Time Series Classification

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Reason to Explain: Interactive Contrastive Explanations (REASONX)

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Evaluating the Usefulness of Counterfactual Explanations from Bayesian Networks

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Imbalanced Graph-Level Anomaly Detection via Counterfactual Augmentation and Feature Learning

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The application of eXplainable artificial intelligence in studying cognition: A scoping review

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Counterfactual Explanations in Personal Informatics for Personalized Mental Health Management

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What If We Had Used a Different App? Reliable Counterfactual KPI Analysis in Wireless Systems

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This is not the Texture you are looking for! Introducing Novel Counterfactual Explanations for Non-Experts using Generative Adversarial Learning.

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Hierarchical Variational Autoencoders For Visual Counterfactuals

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Engineering user-centered explanations to query answers in ontology-driven socio-technical systems

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Semantic Meaningfulness: Evaluating Counterfactual Approaches for Real-World Plausibility and Feasibility

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Outcome-Guided Counterfactuals from a Jointly Trained Generative Latent Space

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Regulating the Technology (Placement)

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Counterfactual Dynamics Forecasting – a New Setting of Quantitative Reasoning

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Additive Counterfactuals for Explaining Link Predictions on Knowledge Graphs

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Robustness of Counterfactual Explanations

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Towards Personalised and User-Friendly Counterfactual Sequences for Failure Correction

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Studying the Generalization Behavior of Surrogate Models for Punch-Bending by Generating Plausible Counterfactuals

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Predicting Satisfaction of Counterfactual Explanations from Human Ratings of Explanatory Qualities

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Proximity‐Constrained Counterfactuals for Explainable Diabetes Risk Assessment

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“I Don’t Like Being Told Just What to Do; I Need to Know Why”: Patient Expectations of Machine Learning-Driven Just-in-Time-Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) for Prenatal Stress Management

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Counterfactual Explanation Bake-Off: A Review and Experimental Evaluation for Time Series Classification

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Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Social Sciences and Humanities: A Systematic Bibliometric Analysis

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Inference and Imagination

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Iterative Partial Fulfillment of Counterfactual Explanations: Benefits and Risks

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Vers l’XAI sémantique – la troisième vague de l’intelligence artificielle explicable

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Algorithmic Decision-Making in Difficult Scenarios

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An experimental study of classical truth logic on multi-propositions consistent and incompatible: Dual-process theories and modal syllogistic of deduction

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Towards Interactive and Social Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Digital History

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Hierarchical Variational Autoencoder for Visual CounterfactualsPreprint

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Fairness and Robustness of Contrasting Explanations.Preprint

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Exploring the Efficacy of Automatically Generated Counterfactuals for Sentiment AnalysisPreprint

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A Framework and Benchmarking Study for Counterfactual Generating Methods on Tabular DataPreprint

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Responsible and Regulatory Conform Machine Learning for Medicine: A Survey of Technical Challenges and Solutions.Preprint

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Deep Counterfactual-Guided MRI Feature Representation and Quantitatively Interpretable Alzheimer’s Disease PredictionPreprint

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Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Industrial Cybersecurity: A Review of Methods, Operational Integration, and Research Challenges

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Explaining Explanation Methods.

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Accelerating the Convergence of Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning with Counterfactual Explanations.Preprint

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Does the COVID-19 Pandemic have Implications for Machine Ethics?

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The Importance of Time in Causal Algorithmic RecoursePreprint

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Explainable Medical AI: An Assessment of Developments

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Ethical issues for AI in medicine

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Goal-Driven XAI: The Normative Value of the Ladder of Regret in Human-Centered AI

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Nearest Neighbors Counterfactuals

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Aligning a household-level service array via geospatial and counterfactual modeling: study protocol for a jurisdiction-wide child maltreatment prevention effort (Preprint)Preprint

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Navigating Time’s Possibilities: Plausible Counterfactual Explanations for Multivariate Time-Series Forecast through Genetic Algorithms

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Streaming Counterfactual Subset Selection with Bias Awareness

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Business Fraud Detection, Prevention, and Investigations With Conversational AI

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Counterfactual linguistic rule-based explanations based on locally relevant causal mechanisms

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Explainable Medical AI: An Assessment of Developments

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Identifying intervention strategies from machine learning models with COALA: a counterfactual optimization frameworkPreprint

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Contextualizing Counterfactuals: Gender Differences in Alignment with Biased (X)AI

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Dating Apps and the Right to an Explanation

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Aligning a Household-Level Service Array Through a Jurisdiction-Wide Child Maltreatment Prevention Effort: Protocol for a Geospatial and Counterfactual Modeling Study

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Prediction of Educational Resource Label Association Based on Interpretable Deep Learning: Reshaping Personalized Learning

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Explainable Classification and Annotation through Relation Learning and Reasoning

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Modèles prédictifs & raisonnement avec les explications

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A Neural-Symbolic learning framework to produce interpretable predictions for image classification

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Interpretable knowledge-driven framework for groundwater regime simulation: Integrating physical laws and graph-based reasoning for regional groundwater management

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The Accuracy-Explainability Trade-off, the Right to Explanation, and the Implications for Organisations

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Scalable Counterfactual Explanations for Large-Scale Automated Decision Systems

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Multimodal fake news video contradiction explanations with large language models

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Algorithmic Recourse on Networks: From Explanations to Interventions

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Challenges in Evaluating Explanation Methods for Static and Evolving Data

Stefanowski, J. (2026) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-36806-5_1

A Review of Deep Learning Models and Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Pathology Recognition

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Towards a Plausibility Metric for Contrastive Explanations in Automated Planning

Leofante, F., Fronza, P., & Roveri, M. (2026) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-40774-0_26

How Graphs Ground Large Language Models Counterfactuals for Subgraph Verbalizations

Buchmann, S., Slany, E., & Scheele, S. (2026) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-42015-2_23

Explainable AI and Causal Understanding: Counterfactual Approaches Considered

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Counterfactual Explanations in AI

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User-centric explainable AI: design and evaluation of an approach to generate coherent counterfactual explanations for structured data

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What-If XAI Framework (WiXAI): From Counterfactuals towards Causal Understanding

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“Better” Counterfactuals, Ones People Can Understand: Psychologically-Plausible Case-Based Counterfactuals Using Categorical Features for Explainable AI (XAI)

Warren, G., Smyth, B., & Keane, M. T. (2022) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14923-8_5 · Cited by 17