Cited by 88Archaeology and Cultural HeritageCultural Heritage Management and PreservationUrbanism, Landscape, and Tourism Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 28 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.

Los caminos del patrimonio. Rutas turísticas e itinerarios culturales

Open access
Universidade de Sevilla (España), Hernández Ramírez, Javier·2011·PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural

Abstract

In this work, the reasons for the proliferation of tourist routes and cultural itineraries as a global phenomenon together with the consequences that these can trigger in the territories where they are introduced are analysed. A typology of routes is established and the controversial concept of Cultural Itinerary based on the proposals of the European Council and ICOMOS is studied. Various projects involving routes and historical paths in the Ayabaca mountain range (Piura, Peru) are then examined, as are the potential impacts that the creation of these tourist products can suppose for the development of the populations where they are applied. It is considered in this paper that these projects lack a holistic vision of heritage that would promote its value as a whole, thereby preventing the potential fragmentation of the territory as regards encouraging some zones to the detriment of others.

Overview

AI snapshot

Written from the paper’s full text.

TL;DR

The article argues that the global proliferation of tourist routes and cultural itineraries is driven by territorial marketing and expanding heritage categories, but often instrumentalizes and fragments local heritage. Using a typology of routes and four proposed projects in Peru’s sierra de Ayabaca, it contends that externally designed routes lack a holistic vision and subordinate local populations and non-historical heritage.

Key findings

  • The paper proposes a typology of routes: specific heritage routes (ethnological, historical/archaeological, natural), historical roads/cultural itineraries; imagined routes (literary-cinematic-TV, historical/fictional personalities, magical/esoteric/mythical/legendary); and generic/mixed routes or circuits (Table 1).
  • It documents an institutional controversy: the Council of Europe promotes open, identity/cooperation/development-oriented itineraries (European Institute of Cultural Itineraries created in 1997; Camino de Santiago named first European Cultural Itinerary in 1987 and UNESCO World Heritage in 1993), while ICOMOS demands historical authenticity/continuity and distinguishes two types, with most recognized itineraries being historically purposive routes such as Qhapaq Ñan or Roman roads. UNESCO recognized Patrimonial Routes/Cultural Itineraries as a specific category in 2005.
  • In the sierra de Ayabaca (Piura, Peru), four projects are analyzed: Ruta Montero-Ayabaca-Aypate (generic/mixed), Corredor Turístico Loja-Ayabaca (natural heritage), Proyecto Binacional de Turismo Rural en el Tramo Norte del Camino Inca (Loja-Aypate) (archaeological), and Programa Integral Qhapaq Ñan (historical road). None has materialized due to the area’s peripheral location, poor infrastructure, campesino population without tourism experience, and scarce economic resources.
  • The paper concludes that these projects lack a holistic heritage vision, promote selected heritage types (especially archaeological/natural) over ethnological/ecological ones, treat local populations as passive/subsidiary, and risk territorial fragmentation and economic imbalances by promoting route corridors at the expense of adjacent areas.

Methods

  • Conceptual/critical review and typology-building, drawing on academic literature and institutional documents from the Council of Europe, ICOMOS, UNESCO, and others.
  • Case-study analysis of four route projects in the sierra de Ayabaca (Piura, Peru), based on project diagnoses/reports by NGOs, consultants, and public agencies; no primary fieldwork or quantitative analysis is reported.
  • Comparative analysis of route types, heritage discourses, and potential territorial impacts.

Limitations

  • The paper states that none of the four Ayabaca projects has been implemented, so its impact discussion is prospective/potential rather than observed.
  • It acknowledges that the community-based tourism alternative it favors has difficulties and weaknesses (“dificultades y debilidades que el modelo entraña”).
  • Evident from the text: the article does not present a systematic empirical methodology or primary data; it relies on secondary/project documents, and the case is limited to one Andean border region, so findings may not generalize.

Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.25145/j.pasos.2011.09.021

Cites

14 of 14 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

69 Own interpretation · 41 No basis given · 18 Sources not found · 5 Not checked yet · 1 Own result

Show all 48 claims

  • Probably not a substantial claim. 61
  • It may state two separate claims as one. 52
  • The quote only partly states this claim. 1
86 of 86
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    La sierra de Ayabaca (Piura, Perú) contiene un patrimonio etnológico, ecológico y arqueológico muy rico.

    “Una muestra de que el fenómeno de las rutas turísticas alcanza una dimensión planetaria es el caso de la sierra de Ayabaca (Piura, Perú): un territorio de frontera y periférico situado en una de las áreas más pobres y deprimidas del país andino que, sin embargo, contiene un riquísimo patrimonio etnológico, ecológico y arqueo-”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    El número de vías reconocidas internacionalmente como itinerarios culturales ha crecido continuamente desde 1987/1993.

    “Desde entonces el número de vías reconocidas internacionalmente no ha parado de crecer, lo que ha motivado a muchas administraciones promotoras de rutas turísticas a postularse como candidatas para la anotación de sus propuestas en los catálogos de estas instituciones supranacionales.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    El Camino de Santiago fue inscrito por el Consejo de Europa en 1987 como primer Itinerario Cultural Europeo y registrado por la UNESCO en 1993 como Patrimonio de la Humanidad.

    “En 1987 el Consejo de Europa inscribió el Camino de Santiago como el primer Itinerario Cultural Europeo y en 1993 esta misma ruta fue registrada por la UNESCO como Patrimonio de la Humanidad.”
3 of 3

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 11

  1. Aguilar, Encarnación, Dolores Merino y Mercedes Mi- gens 2003 "Cultura, políticas de desarrollo y turismo rural en el ámbito de la globalización.". Horizontes Antropo- lógicos, 9 (20): 161-183.
  2. García de Miguel, J. M. 2002 "Itinerarios culturales relacionados con el patri- monio histórico minero". En AA.VV. El patrimonio intangible y otros aspectos relativos a los itinerarios culturales (pp. 145-157). Pamplona: Gobierno de Na- varra.
  3. Hernández, Javier 2005 "Cine, Turismo y Cultura". En Cao, M. V., J. Her- nández, R. Plasencia y M. Salinas (Coord.) El cine visto por los antropólogos (pp. 9-29). Lima: Univer- sidad Nacional de San Marcos. 2005 "Activando la memoria, mirando al futuro. Patri- monialización de un oficio perdido y dinamización turística". En Pascual, José y David Florido ¿Prote- giendo los recursos? Áreas protegidas, poblaciones locales y sostenibilidad (pp. 173-186). Sevilla: ASA- NA. FAAEE.
  4. Kroshus, Laurie 2003 "La comercialización cultural. El turismo y la identidad maya". Annals of Tourism Research en Es- pañol, 5 (1): 86-103.
  5. Lagunas, David 2006 "El espacio del turismo". Alteridades, 16 (31): 119- 129.
  6. Mitchell, Ross y Donald Reid 2001 "Integración comunitaria. Turismo insular en Perú". Annals of Tourism Research en Español, 3 (1): 144-172.
  7. Otamendi, Alejandro 2008 "El turismo místico-esotérico". RBTur Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo, 2 (2): 20-40.
  8. Palti, Elías 2001 "Introducción". En Koselleck, Reinhart Los estra- tos del tiempo: estudios sobre la historia (pp. 9-42). Barcelona: Paidós.
  9. Tondre, Francoise 2007 "El Patrimonio Cultural y los Itinerarios Cultu- rales del Consejo de Europa: nuevas orientaciones, caminos hacia la diversidad, puentes entre las comu- nidades". En AA.VV Caminos de Sefarad. Memoria 2007 (pp. 28-34). Jaén: Red de juderías de España.
  10. Tucker, Huzel 2001 "Turistas y trogloditas. Negociando la sostenibili- Los caminos del patrimonio ... ISSN 1695-7121 dad". Annals of Toursim Research en Español, 3 (2): 259-286.
  11. Zamora, Elías y Rafael Merinero 2003 "Patrimonio Cultural, turismo y desarrollo endó- geno. El caso de la "ruta del Tempranillo". En An- tonio. M. Nogués (Coord.), Cultura y turismo (pp. 83-109). Sevilla: Signatura Ediciones.

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Metadata

Authors
(España), U. D. S., & Hernández Ramírez, J.
Venue
PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural
Published
2011
Volume
9
Issue
2
Pages
225-236
ISSN
1695-7121 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1512825724
Cited by
88
References
8
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5
FWCI
11.25
Type
journal article
Language
es
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-nd
Locations
  • PASOS Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Scientia Insularum Revista de Ciencias Naturales en islas (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Archaeology and Cultural Heritage
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation
  • Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Urbanism, Landscape, and Tourism Studies
Keywords
heritage tourism, tourism routes, cultural routes, heritage routes, Piura, heritage typology, ICOMOS, Council of Europe, local development

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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