The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The Quadriceps Angle: A Review of the Literature
Abstract
Previous investigations of the quadriceps (Q) angle and its relationship to knee disorders have yielded equivocal results. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the current literature on the Q angle and to examine the differences in Q angles when measured: 1) under differing measurement protocols; 2) between asymptomatic and symptomatic populations; 3) between male and female samples; and 4) from side to side within subjects. Little scientific evidence exists to support the commonly held assumptions that Q angles are larger in symptomatic vs. asymptomatic or that they are equal in the right vs. left lower limb. However, larger mean values are consistently observed in groups of young adult females vs. young adult males.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Kim, J., Quinlivan, B. T., Deprey, L.-A., Arumukhom Revi, D., Eckert-Erdheim, A., Murphy, P., Orzel, D., & Walsh, C. J. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-14784-9 · Cited by 91
Metadata
- Authors
- Livingston, L. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy
- Published
- 1998-08
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 105-109
- ISSN
- 0190-6011 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-1344
- OpenAlex
- W1992646205
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 1.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Quadriceps Angle: A Review of the Literature. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2519/jospt.1998.28.2.105
- The paper
- Livingston, L. A. (1998). The Quadriceps Angle: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1998.28.2.105
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
