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Chinese Manuscript of the 10th Century “Dispute of Tea and Wine” Discovered in “Dunhuang Library”
Open accessAbstract
КИТАЙСКАЯ РУКОПИСЬ X ВЕКА «СПОР ЧАЯ И ВИНА» КАК ОДНО ИЗ ОТКРЫТИЙ «ДУНЬХУАНСКОЙ БИБЛИОТЕКИ» Китайская рукопись X в.Ван Фу «Спор Чая и Вина» (茶酒論 «Ча цзю лунь»), обнаруженная в начале XX в. в пещерном комплексе Могао близ г.Дуньхуан в пров.Ганьсу, давно привлекает внимание специалистов.Комплекс Могао, также известный как Дуньхуанские пещеры, приобрел всемирную известность не только благодаря настенным росписям и статуям IV-XIV вв., но также из-за уникального собрания древних манускриптов и ксилографов на разных языках, получившего название «Дуньхуанской библиотеки».Оригинал рукописи «Спор Чая и Вина» попал в число манускриптов, вывезенных из Дуньхуана французским синологом П. Пельо (1878-1945).Это небольшой и остроумный текст, построенный в форме поединка двух сторон о роли, функциях и достоинствах каждого напитка, который изящно завершается еще одним участником -Водой, которая и примиряет спорщиков.Произведение написано в популярном жанре буддийских притч бяньвэнь.Текст, изобилующий историко-литературными аллюзиями, создан с использованием рифмы и элементов ритмической прозы, что свидетельствует об эрудиции и художественном вкусе автора.Перевод памятника, публикуемого впервые в отечественном востоковедении, выполнен авторами статьи по оригинальному списку произведения из Национальной библиотеки Франции («Pelliot fonds chinois 2718») с привлечением реконструированного текста оригинала и сопровождается необходимым историко-филологическим комментарием.
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TL;DR
The article introduces and publishes the first full Russian translation of the 10th-century Chinese manuscript “Dispute of Tea and Wine” (“Cha jiu lun”), attributed to Wang Fu and discovered in the Dunhuang/Mogao cave library. It presents the text as a bianwen-style debate between Tea and Wine that is resolved by Water, with historical-philological commentary.
Key findings
- The manuscript is a small, witty text of 1035 characters (the artistic text itself contains 988 signs), built as a dispute between Tea and Wine over their roles, functions, and merits, with Water appearing at the end to reconcile them.
- It is known in six lists: four in the Paul Pelliot Foundation at the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris and two in the British Museum in London; the translation uses the original list “Pelliot fonds chinois 2718.”
- The work is written in the popular Buddhist parable genre bianwen, with rhyme and elements of rhythmic parallel prose, and is divided into an introduction, the Tea–Wine dialogue, and Water’s concluding speech.
- The article states that the full Russian translation of the monument is published for the first time in Russian Oriental studies.
Methods
- The authors translated the text from the original Pelliot list “Pelliot fonds chinois 2718,” using a reconstructed Chinese text to correct semantic errors and omissions.
- The work is accompanied by historical-philological commentary; the authors also consulted a French translation and materials from the Musée national des Arts asiatiques–Guimet in Paris.
- The article discusses textual variants between the original and reconstructed versions, including homophonic character substitutions, substitutions based on differing radicals/keys, and additions or omissions of characters.
Limitations
- The paper states that the original Pelliot list is full of errors, inaccurate word usage, and various marks, complicating translation and textual segmentation.
- It notes dating ambiguity: the colophon points either to 970 or 972, and the meaning of “zhi-shu yuan” is difficult to interpret.
- The paper states that little is known about Wang Fu’s life and activities, that genre attribution has several competing views, and that the text does not specify which types of tea and wine are meant.
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Claims the paper makes
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In the paper
“Полный перевод памятника на русский язык в отечественном востоковедении публикуется впервые.”
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- It may state two separate claims as one. 22
- Probably not a substantial claim. 27
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Оригинал рукописи «Спор Чая и Вина» попал в число манускриптов, вывезенных из Дуньхуана французским синологом П. Пельо (1878-1945).”
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Китайская рукопись X в.Ван Фу «Спор Чая и Вина» (茶酒論 «Ча цзю лунь»), обнаруженная в начале XX в. в пещерном комплексе Могао близ г.Дуньхуан в пров.Ганьсу, давно привлекает внимание специалистов.”
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In the paper
“Чай и Вино полемизируют между собой в основном в пяти аспектах -о месте, которое они занимают вообще в истории, о том, насколько велики их роль и влияние в культуре, каковы их общественные функции, назначение и экономическая ценность.”
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The text contains a brief summary of this dispute, by a graceful third participantwater, which brings the disputants together.”
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Текст, изобилующий историко-литературными аллюзиями, создан с использованием рифмы и элементов ритмической прозы”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
“написан с использованием рифмы и элементов изящного парного стиля ритмической прозы 骈文 пяньвэнь, где парами выступают фразы в четыре и шесть иероглифов.”
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- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Это небольшой и остроумный текст, построенный в форме поединка двух сторон о роли, функциях и достоинствах каждого напитка, который изящно завершается еще одним участником -Водой, которая и примиряет спорщиков.”
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“С помощью Воды, еще одного участника спора, которая сглаживает скрытые и явные противоречия, достигается синтез двух антитез и рождение долгожданной гармонии.”
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In the paper
“Безусловно, самая яркая часть этого произведения -средняя, спор между Чаем и Вином 16 , где обе стороны прославляют свою роль в истории, вспоминают свои достижения, в то же время принижая в словесном поединке значение оппонента, подчас в колких и едких выражениях.”
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“В тексте нет пояснений, о каких именно видах чая и вина идет речь.В произведении даны обобщенные образы двух главных героев.”
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In the paper
“В произведении можно выделить три условные части: вступление, сам диалог между персонифицированными героями -Чаем и Вином, а также послесловие в виде заключительной речи Воды.”
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“«Спор Чая и Вина» -небольшой и весьма остроумный текст в 1035 иероглифов 15 , построенный в форме спора двух сторон о роли, функциях и достоинствах каждого напитка.”
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
““Dispute of Tea and Wine” is a small and quite witty text comprising of about one thousand hieroglyphs, built in the form of a dispute between the two sides about the role, functions and merits of each drink.”
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Хотя в пяти раундах словесного поединка было достигнуто относительное равновесие, все же можно предположить, что перед появлением Воды по логике побеждает Чай.”
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The text full of literary allusions and references to historical precedents is written using rhyme and elements of the elegant pairing style of rhythmic prose, which testifies to the erudition and artistic taste of the author.”
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In the paper
“О жизни и деятельности автора произведения Ван Фу 王敷 известно крайне мало.Вероятно, он был чиновником в уездном управлении местности Ючжоу, рекомендованным на службу при дворе 13 .”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [13]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
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- Not matched
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In the paper
“The «Dispute of Tea and Wine» manuscript written in Chinese was among the manuscripts taken by famous French sinologist Paul Pelliot (1878-1945).”
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In the paper
“Древние ритуалы, связанные с культом предков и обрядами жертвоприношений, диктовали выбор вина как священного напитка, но с распространением буддизма чай как важный элемент буддийских практик быстро завоевал признание в разных слоях общества, став конкурентом вину.”
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The Chinese manuscript of the 10th century “Dispute of Tea and Wine” (“Cha jiu lun”) of scribe scholar Wang Fu, was discovered in the early 20th century in the Mogao cave complex near Dunhuang city of the Gansu province.”
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Перевод памятника, публикуемого впервые в отечественном востоковедении, выполнен авторами статьи по оригинальному списку произведения из Национальной библиотеки Франции («Pelliot fonds chinois 2718») с привлечением реконструированного текста оригинала и сопровождается необходимым историко-филологическим комментарием.”
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In the paper
“При переводе произведения на русский язык были использованы два варианта текста на китайском языке: оцифрованный оригинальный список 原 卷 юань-цзюань из Фонда П. Пельо, изобилующий ошибками, неточным словоупотреблением, разного рода помарками, а также реконструированный китайскими исследователями текст с исправлением смысловых ошибок и описок 17 .”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [17]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
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- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Это противоречие и нашло свое отражение в проблематике произведения «Спор Чая и Вина», которое проникнуто довольно сильным буддийским мироощущением.”
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“При этом вряд ли стоит говорить о диаметральной противоположности спорщиковв заложенном конфликте угадываются даосские учения о биполярном устройстве мира.”
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Currently, the manuscript of the work is known in six lists; four of which are stored in the Paul Pelliot Foundation in Bibliothèque National de France in Paris, and the other two in British Museum in London.”
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In the paper
“Произведение написано в популярном жанре буддийских притч бяньвэнь.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
“Однако большинство исследователей полагает, что текст написан в жанре 变文 бяньвэнь -смешанном поэтико-прозаическом жанре буддийского характера, но при этом светского содержания”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Чжун Шулинь
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- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“что свидетельствует об эрудиции и художественном вкусе автора.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · boosted
“что свидетельствует о несомненной эрудиции автора”
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- Also stated in: § Abstract · boosted
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Such educational stories served not only as a means of teaching and entertainment, but also reflected the everyday mass culture of the Tang era (618-907) and the period of the Five Dynasties (907-960).”
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What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The authors of this article translated the original list of works from Bibliothèque National de France (“Pelliot fonds chinois 2718”) with the help of the reconstructed text of the original, and is accompanied by the necessary historical and philological commentary.”
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- Rests on an assumption: The reconstructed text of the original used for the translation accurately represents the original manuscript.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This work is written in a popular genre of Buddhist parables bianwen.”
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In the paper
“Географическое понятие 浮梁歙州 -это уезд Фулян, округ Сичжоу (пров.Цзянсу).Традиционный район выращивания чая в КНР.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Фулян чае [浮梁茶叶]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
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- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Год 開寶三年 (букв.3-й год эры Кай-бао) соответствует 970 г.Кай-бао (968-976) -девиз императора Тайцзу (личное имя Чжао Куан-инь) династии Северная Сун (960-1127).Год 壬申 жэнь-шэнь по циклическому календарю является 5-м годом эры Кай-бао, следовательно, приходится на 972 г.В любом случае здесь налицо разночтения -текст написан либо в 970 г., либо в 972 г.”
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What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Прежде всего, понимание оригинального текста X в., написанного на классическом письменном языке 文言 вэньянь, весьма осложняет процесс членения текста, его структуры и основных стилистических особенностей.”
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The paper relies on this without support.
The reconstructed text of the original used for the translation accurately represents the original manuscript.
“with the help of the reconstructed text of the original”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
A tenth-century text is said to allude to a sixteenth-century author's fable
MinorThe note identifies the fable invoked by the manuscript as the work of a writer who lived in 1544-1609, while the paper dates the manuscript to the tenth century. As stated, the manuscript could not allude to that author's work.
“Здесь подразумевается популярная нравоучительная притча о двух обезьянах, которые своей неумеренной страстью к вину погубили всех сородичей.Автор этой притчи -известный педагог и ученый-литератор 刘元卿 Лю Юаньцин (1544-1609).”
“Китайская рукопись X в. «Спор Чая и Вина»”
Referenced page falls outside the cited article
MinorThe citation points to page 2 of Song Zhenhao's 2002 article, but the bibliography lists that article on pages 61-67.
“[Сун Чжэньхао, 2002.С. 2]”
“Чжунго лиши вэ- ньу. 2002. № 4. С. 61-67.”
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Dmitriev S. V. The East. Afro-Asian societies: history and moderni- ty, 2011, № 4, p. 108-115. (in Russ.) Gu Xiangyang. Zhongguo duilianxue yanjiu [谷向阳。中国对联学研究]. The study of the Chi- nese paired inscriptions. Beijing daxue xuebao, 1998, № 4, vol. 35, p. 125-134. (in Chin.) Kitayskiye dokumenty iz Dun'khuana. Faksimile. Izdaniye tekstov, per. s kit., issled. i pril.
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On History of “Cangjie Pian” Dictionary
Викторовна, Г. Н., & Иванович, К. А. (2020) · Philology Theory & Practice · doi:10.30853/filnauki.2020.4.23 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Novosibirsk State University, Voytishek, E. E., Osipov, G. V., & Novosibirsk State University
- ORCID
- Voytishek, E. E.
- Venue
- Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology
- Publisher
- Novosibirsk State University (NSU)
- Published
- 2018
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 75-92
- ISSN
- 1818-7919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2888177582
- Semantic Scholar
- f1897f345c08e1f8ea80be742d6303aadb79012d
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 4.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Vestnik NSU Series History and Philology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Libraries, Manuscripts, and Books
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Chinese history and philosophy
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Classical Studies and Philology
- Keywords
- tea, wine, Dunhuang Library, Dunhuang Mogao Caves, Wang Fu, rhyme, Dunhuang manuscripts
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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