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Rigorous Large-Scale Educational RCTs Are Often Uninformative: Should We Be Concerned?
Open accessAbstract
There are a growing number of large-scale educational randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Considering their expense, it is important to reflect on the effectiveness of this approach. We assessed the magnitude and precision of effects found in those large-scale RCTs commissioned by the UK-based Education Endowment Foundation and the U.S.-based National Center for Educational Evaluation and Regional Assistance, which evaluated interventions aimed at improving academic achievement in K–12 (141 RCTs; 1,222,024 students). The mean effect size was 0.06 standard deviations. These sat within relatively large confidence intervals (mean width = 0.30 SDs), which meant that the results were often uninformative (the median Bayes factor was 0.56). We argue that our field needs, as a priority, to understand why educational RCTs often find small and uninformative effects.
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“Traditional educational interventions such as those aimed at improving overall teaching quality or providing targeted academic or practical support (Education Endowment Foundation, 2019) have met with some success, but tend to be expensive and/or resource intensive and in many cases have only fairly modest effects (Boulay et al., 2018;Lortie-Forgues & Inglis, 2019;Yeager & Walton, 2011).”
From Tackling Educational Inequalities with Social Psychology: Identities, Contexts, and Interventions (2021) · cites this paper as Lortie-Forgues & Inglis, 2019
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lortie-Forgues, H., & Inglis, M.
- Affiliations
- University of York, UK
- Loughborough University (GB)
- ORCID
- Inglis, Matthew
- Venue
- Educational Researcher
- Published
- 2019-03-11
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 158-166
- ISSN
- 0013-189X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-102X
- OpenAlex
- W2919428740
- Cited by
- 234
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 16
- FWCI
- 24.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- orcid.org
- Locations
- Educational Researcher (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (submittedVersion)
- Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- university of york
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Research and Methods
- Keywords
- educational intervention, effect size, confidence intervals, Bayes factor, statistical power, Education Endowment Foundation, evidence-based education
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