Effects of moderate red wine consumption on liver fat and blood lipids: a prospective randomized study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: There have been no human prospective randomized studies of the amount of alcohol that can induce hepatic steatosis. METHODS: Thirty-two healthy women and twelve healthy men (34 ± 9 years of age) were randomized to consume 150 ml of red wine/day for women (16 g ethanol/day) or double that amount for men (33 g ethanol/day), or to alcohol abstention for 90 days. Participants underwent proton-nuclear magnetic-resonance spectroscopy for measurement of hepatic triglyceride content (HTGC). Blood samples for assessment of cardiovascular risk were drawn before and after the intervention. RESULTS: After exclusion of three subjects with steatosis at baseline a trend towards increased HTGC was apparent for red wine (before median: 1.1%, range 0.2-3.9%, after median: 1.1%, range 0.5-5.2 %, P = 0.059) a difference that was statistically significant compared with abstainers (p = 0.02). However, no subject developed hepatic steatosis. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol was lowered by red wine (-0.3 mmol/l, SE -0.1, 95% CI -0.6 to -0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate consumption of red wine during three months increased HTGC in subjects without steatosis at baseline. However, since not a single participant developed steatosis we suggest that the threshold of alcohol consumption to define nonalcoholic fatty liver disease should not be lower than the amount in our study.
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A sample size of 24 participants per group would provide 80% power at alpha = 0.05 to detect a minimum difference of 1.5% in liver fat concentration between treatments.
“It was calculated that a sample size of 24 participants/group would provide 80% power at α = 0.05 to detect a minimum difference of 1.5% in liver fat concentration between treatments.”
From Eucaloric diets enriched in palm olein, cocoa butter, and soybean oil did not differentially affect liver fat concentration in healthy participants: a 16-week randomized controlled trial. (2021) · cites this paper as [35]
The Statistics section (page unavailable) uses a 0.05 significance level and reports a power calculation for hepatic triglyceride content, but it gives 86% power to detect an increase in the red-wine group versus controls, not the claimed 80% for a 1.5% difference. The Methods section (page unavailable) reports 44 participants randomized in total. Our copy does not state a calculation for 24 participants per group or a 1.5% minimum difference. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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References 50 · Cited by 57
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Ludwig J, Viggiano TR, McGill DB, Oh BJ. Nonalcoholic 8. steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 1980;55:434 -8.
- Authors
- Kechagias, S., Zanjani, S., Gjellan, S., Leinhard, O. D., Kihlberg, J., Smedby, Ö., Johansson, L., Kullberg, J., Ahlström, H., Lindström, T., & Nystrom, F. H.
- Affiliations
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences
- Linköping University (SE)
- Uppsala University (SE)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Annals of Medicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-05-23
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 545-554
- ISSN
- 0785-3890 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2060
- OpenAlex
- W2110644456
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2025: 7 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annals of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DiVA (Linkoping University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Forskningsrådet i Sydöstra Sverige
- Vetenskapsrådet
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- red wine, moderate drinking, hepatic steatosis, hepatic triglyceride content, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, LDL cholesterol, serum lipids
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Ethanol, Fatty Liver, Female, Humans, Cholesterol, LDL, Liver, Male, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Prospective Studies, Triglycerides, Wine
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