The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Help-Seeking for Insomnia among Adult Patients in Primary Care
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To clarify the patient characteristics associated with seeking medical help for insomnia. METHODS: A consecutive sample (n = 700) of adults attending a non-urgent primary care appointment was screened for sleep problems. A follow-up mailed survey then assessed insomnia symptoms, daytime impairment, beliefs about sleep, medication use, sleepiness and fatigue, and medical help-seeking. RESULTS: Fifty-two percent of patients with probable insomnia reported discussing this with a physician. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that discussing one's probable insomnia with a physician was independently associated with having a greater number of medical conditions (OR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.13 to 4.22]), being more highly educated (1.67 [95% CI, 1.11 to 2.51]), sleeping less per night (OR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.52 to 0.96]), and greater perceived daytime impairment due to insomnia (OR, 2.07 [95% CI, 1.06 to 4.03]). CONCLUSIONS: Primary care patients often seek medical help when they experience insomnia. Clinical treatment ought to especially target poor sleepers presenting with significant insomnia-related impairment, medical morbidity, or both. Future research should further clarify the role of medical and psychiatric comorbidities and determine whether resolution of insomnia and its consequences improves the outcomes of common medical conditions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 · Cited by 35,234
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Widiger, T. A. (2000) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/10518-009 · Cited by 19,766
A New Method for Measuring Daytime Sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Johns, M. W. (1991) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/14.6.540 · Cited by 17,364
Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research
Bastien, C. (2001) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/s1389-9457(00)00065-4 · Cited by 8,067
(1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,324
Reliability and factor analysis of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.
Johns, M. (1992) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/15.4.376 · Cited by 2,193
Measuring the Functional Impact of Fatigue: Initial Validation of the Fatigue Impact Scale
Fisk, J. D., Ritvo, P. G., Ross, L., Haase, D. A., Marrie, T. J., & Schlech, W. F. (1994) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/18.supplement_1.s79 · Cited by 1,546
Nonpharmacologic Treatment of Chronic Insomnia
Morin, C. M., Hauri, P. J., Espie, C. A., Spielman, A. J., Buysse, D. J., & Bootzin, R. R. (1999) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/22.8.1134 · Cited by 888
Prevalence, burden, and treatment of insomnia in primary care
(1997) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.154.10.1417 · Cited by 694
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [5]5. Aikens JE, Mendelson WB, Baehr EK. Replicability of psychometric differences between obstructive sleep apnea, primary snoring, and periodic limb movement disorder. J Sleep Hypnosis 2000;4:211-5.
- [22]22. Vanable PA, Aikens JE, Tadimeti L, Caruana-Mon- taldo B, Mendelson WB. Sleep time misperception among sleep disorder patients: variability as a func- tion of diagnostic subgroupings and psychological characteristics [abstract]. Sleep 1998;21:S125. http://www.jabfp.org Help-Seeking for Sleep Problems 261 on 13 August 2023 by guest. Protected by copyright. http://www.jabfm.org/ J Am Board Fam Pract: first published as 10.3122/jabfm.18.4.257 on 29 June 2005. Downloaded from
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–113 of 113
Socioeconomic Impact of Insomnia
Léger, D. (2016) · doi:10.3109/9781420080803-5 · Cited by 1
Improving Sleep Quality Through Integrated Care
Renqvist, J. G., & Bramoweth, A. D. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93003-9_13 · Cited by 1
Socioeconomic Impact of Insomnia
Léger, D. (2010) · Medical psychiatry · doi:10.3109/9781420080803.003 · Cited by 1
Effect of a short video on patients’ motivation for dose reduction or cessation of hypnotics
Amagai, M., Ozone, M., Utsumi, T., Hotchi, A., Iwashita, M., Yamadera, W., & Shigeta, M. (2023) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1007/s41105-023-00446-4 · Cited by 1
WITHDRAWN: Efficacy of exercise on sleep quality and insomnia–A systematic review and meta-analysis
Gong, M., Hu, X., Tan, S., Jing, S., Wang, Y., Li, Y., & Li, S. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113442 · Cited by 1
RetractedEffectively Assessing Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Psychosis
Cosgrave, J., Klingaman, E. A., & Gehrman, P. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815012-2.00011-0
Sleep and Emotion Processing in Individuals with Insomnia Symptoms and Good Sleepers
Howlett, R. D. M. (2020) · Brock University Digital Repository (Brock University)
Bae, H., Lee, S., Park, S. R., Park, H. R., & Joo, E. Y. (2024) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2024.2412329
The State of Sleep: Understanding Insomnia Symptoms and Treatments in US AdultsPreprint
Fisher, M., Perlis, M. L., Krystal, A. D., & Heffler, M. J. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.08.21.25333428
Walker, J. L., Campbell, R. L., Bridges, A. J., Acosta, C., Ellis, J. G., Perlis, M. L., & Vargas, I. (2026) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.70324
Scheer, V., Argui, S., Fayad, M., Lemogne, C., Blanco, C., Peyre, H., Rico, M. S., Limosin, F., & Hoertel, N. (2026) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2026.117179
Sleep disturbance symptoms and treatment patterns in US adults: findings from a national survey
Fisher, M., Perlis, M. L., Krystal, A. D., & Heffler, M. J. (2026) · Sleep Science and Practice · doi:10.1186/s41606-026-00192-9
Metadata
- Authors
- Aikens, J. E., & Rouse, M. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- ORCID
- Aikens, J. E.
- Venue
- The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
- Published
- 2005-07-01
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 257-261
- ISSN
- 1557-2625 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-7118
- OpenAlex
- W2136015389
- Cited by
- 114
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- insomnia, help-seeking, primary care, daytime dysfunction, comorbidities, sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, sleep beliefs, sleep medication use, physician-patient communication
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Primary Health Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Logistic Models
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
