Cross-cultural adaptation of the functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast (FACT-B) in Malaysian breast cancer survivors
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: The survival rate of female breast cancer survivors has been reported to be higher than other types of cancer in Malaysia. Nonetheless, breast cancer survivors face new challenges from unwanted side effects of treatment or management such as fatigue, psychological disturbance, or arm swelling, which can lead to the decline of quality of life (QOL). This study aims to adapt the Malay version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) to evaluate the QOL and to test its reliability and validity in Malaysian breast cancer survivors. METHODS: The Malay version of the FACT-B, with Disabilities of Arms, Shoulders and Hands (DASH), and Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety-Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS) were distributed to female breast cancer survivors which were recruited on a voluntary basis, from cancer support groups based in selected states in Malaysia. Reliability was assessed based on internal consistency (Cronbach's α), whereas concurrent validity was examined by comparing domains in FACT-B with DASH and PHQ-ADS. Finally, total scores of each domain were analysed between lymphedema and without lymphedema groups for known-group validity. RESULTS: A total of 113 breast cancer survivors agreed to participate (response rate = 100%) in the study. Our results showed that the Cronbach's α value for Malay FACT-B is 0.88, and each domain ranged from 0.62 to 0.88. A strong correlation was found between the physical well-being domain of FACT-B with DASH. Meanwhile, the breast cancer scale (BCS) displayed significant correlation with the instrument, Patient Health Questionnaire- Anxiety Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS), indicating that multiple factors including psychological distress were measured in the BCS domain. Furthermore, the instrument was able to detect differences in physical, functional and QOL between participants from lymphedema and without lymphedema groups. CONCLUSION: The Malay version of the FACT-B demonstrated reliable properties and is effective in assessing QOL and can be applied in Malaysian breast cancer survivors.
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The FACT-B demonstrated high internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha 0.88 overall and 0.62-0.88 for individual domains.
“It demonstrated high internal consistency, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88 for the overall scale and values ranging from 0.62 to 0.88 for individual domains.”
From Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on disease acceptance for breast cancer patients: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [37]
The Results (Table 2; page not specified) report a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88 for the overall Malay FACT-B scale. But the five individual domains range from 0.62 to 0.86, not 0.88; the latter is also reported for FACT-G, a separate composite score. (LLM, conf=0.91)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe FACT-B exhibited strong concurrent validity, evidenced by significant correlations with DASH and PHQ-ADS.
“The FACT-B also exhibited strong concurrent validity, as evidenced by significant correlations with the Disabilities of Arms, Shoulders, and Hands (DASH) questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-Anxiety Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS).”
From Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on disease acceptance for breast cancer patients: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [37]
The Malay version of the FACT-B is a reliable and valid tool for assessing QoL in Malaysian breast cancer survivors.
“The Malay version of the FACT-B is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the QoL in Malaysian breast cancer survivors.”
From Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on disease acceptance for breast cancer patients: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [37]
The FACT-B detected differences in physical, functional, and QoL measures between participants with and without lymphedema, confirming known-group validity.
“Additionally, the tool detected differences in physical, functional, and QoL measures between participants with and without lymphedema, confirming its known-group validity.”
From Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on disease acceptance for breast cancer patients: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [37]
The FACT-B is suitable for use in clinical and research settings to evaluate the impact of breast cancer and its treatment on patients' well-being in Malaysia.
“These strong psychometric properties highlight the FACT-B’s suitability for use in clinical and research settings to evaluate the impact of breast cancer and its treatment on patients’ well-being in Malaysia [37].”
From Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on disease acceptance for breast cancer patients: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [37]
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References 29 · Cited by 20
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Martinez RB Boronat OG Badia MS Functional assessment of cancer therapy questionnaire for breast cancer (FACT-B+4) Spanish version validation. Med Clin (Barc) 2011 137 685 8 21420133
- Authors
- Md Yusof, K., Mahmud, R., Abdullah, M., Avery-Kiejda, K. A., & Rosli, R.
- Affiliations
- Universiti Putra Malaysia (MY)
- Corresponding author
- Rosli, Rozita
- Venue
- Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
- Publisher
- EpiSmart Science Vector Ltd
- Published
- 2021-04-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1055-1061
- ISSN
- 1513-7368 (ISSN-L)
- 2476-762X
- PMC
- PMC8325129
- OpenAlex
- W3157517181
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 1.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Greater South Information System
- Funders
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Keywords
- FACT-B, breast cancer survivors, quality of life, lymphedema, psychological distress, arm swelling, DASH, Malaysian patients
- MeSH terms
- Cancer Survivors, Adult, Breast Neoplasms, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Malaysia, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, Translations, Reproducibility of Results
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