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Gramsci in and beyond resistances
Abstract
Stemming from a Gramscian approach, this article engages with the anthropological debate about subaltern groups’ forms of resistance by using the case of marginalized Fulani groups of pastoral and nomadic origins in northwest Benin. Their experiences seemingly confirm contemporary theories on resistance, which emphasize subaltern people’s capacities to tactically circumvent exploitation and exclusion and to handle contradictions between different “moral economies.” Nevertheless, one should question the impact of small-scale reactions that remain on the infrapolitical level and the emancipatory role that political theories give to tactical forms of resistance of dispersed subjectivities while refusing collective strategies. Grounding Gramscian theories in ethnography, this article wonders about the possibilities and limits of margins to turn into the scene of an “autonomous political initiative” of a subaltern group.
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“The first is frequently downplayed in more culturalist readings of Gramsci, yet is crucial for understanding the structural advantage of groups that control or have preferential access to strategic economic positions and the modes of production (Ciavolella 2018).”
From Thinking with Gramsci Today: Gramscian perspectives in ethnographies of Europe (2022) · cites this paper as Ciavolella 2018
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Research works printed but not linked: 114
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- Djohy, 2017, Pastoralism and Socio-technological Transformations in Northern Benin. Fulani Innovations in Pastoral Migration, Livelihood Diversification and Professional Association, 10.17875/gup2017-1072 · DOI
- Gledhill, 2000, Power and its disguises: Anthropological perspectives on politics
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- Wolf, 1999, Envisioning power: Ideologies of dominance and crisis, 10.1525/9780520921726 · DOI
- Chatterjee, 2013, The postcolonial Gramsci, 119
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- Gutmann, 2002, The romance of democracy, 109, 10.1525/9780520936638 · DOI
- Bourdieu, 1981, “La représentation politique” [Political representation], Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales, 36, 3, 10.3406/arss.1981.2105 · DOI
- Li, 2011, Centering labor in the land grab debate, Journal of Peasants Studies, 38, 281, 10.1080/03066150.2011.559009 · DOI
- Guha, 1999, Elementary aspects of peasant insurgency in colonial India
- Moore, 2005, Suffering for territory: Race, place, and power in Zimbabwe
- Ferguson, 1985, The bovine mystique: power, property and livestock in rural Lesotho, Man, 20, 647, 10.2307/2802755 · DOI
- De Martino, 1992, Due inediti su Gramsci: ‘Postille a Gramsci’ e ‘Gramsci e il Folklore’” [Two unpublished works on Gramsci: “Gramsci’s postscripts, and “Gramsci and folklore”] La Ricerca Folklorica, 25, 73, 10.2307/1479694 · DOI
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- Kaplan, 1994, Rethinking resistance: Dialogics of ‘disaffection’ in colonial Fiji, American Ethnologist, 21, 123, 10.1525/ae.1994.21.1.02a00070 · DOI
- Hobsbawm, 1959, Primitive rebels: Studies in archaic forms of social movements in the 19th and 20th centuries
- Žižek, 2007, Resistance is surrender, With comments and responses by David Graeber. London Review of Books, 29
- Ferguson, 1990, The anti-politics machine: “development,” depoliticization, and bureaucratic power in Lesotho
- Bourgeot, 1981, Change and development in Nomadic and Pastoral Societies, 116, 10.1163/9789004477971_009 · DOI
- Gramsci, 1975, Quaderni del carcere [Prison notebooks]
- Crehan, 2002, Gramsci, culture, and anthropology
- Laclau, 1985, Hegemony and social strategy: Towards a radical democratic politics
- Spivak, 2010, “Can the subaltern speak? Reflections on the history of an idea.”
- Scott, 1990, Domination and the arts of resistance: Hidden transcripts
- Steur, 2015, Anthropologies of class: Power practice and inequality, 118, 10.1017/CBO9781316095867.009 · DOI
- Cotula, 2013, The great African land grab, 10.5040/9781350223196 · DOI
- Narotzky, 2015, Anthropologies of class: Power practice and inequality, 53, 10.1017/CBO9781316095867.005 · DOI
- Chauveau, 2007, Changes in customary land tenure systems in Africa, 65
- Scott, 1976, The moral economy of the peasant: Rebellion and subsistence in Southeast Asia
- Kurtz, 1996, Hegemony and anthropology: Gramsci, exegeses, reinterpretations, Critique of Anthropology, 16, 103, 10.1177/0308275X9601600202 · DOI
- Steur, 2015, Anthropologies of class: Power practice and inequality, 118, 10.1017/CBO9781316095867.009 · DOI
- Day, 2005, Gramsci is dead: Anarchist currents in the newest social movements
- Crehan, 2002, Gramsci, culture, and anthropology
- Cirese, 1973, “Cultura egemonica e culture subalterne: Rassegna degli studi sul mondo popolare tradizionale” [Hegemonic culture and subaltern cultures: Review of studies on the traditional popular world]
- Hutchinson, 1996, Nuer dilemmas: Coping with money, war and the state, 10.1525/9780520354340 · DOI
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- Green, 2002, Gramsci cannot speak: Presentations and interpretations of Gramsci’s concept of the subaltern, Rethinking Marxism, 14, 1, 10.1080/089356902101242242 · DOI
- Smith, 1999, Confronting the present: Towards a politically engaged anthropology
- Ciavolella, 2013, Antropologia politica e contemporaneità: Un’indagine critica sul potere [Political anthropology and contemporaneity: A critical investigation of power]
- Hutchinson, 1996, Nuer dilemmas: Coping with money, war and the state, 10.1525/9780520354340 · DOI
- Chatterjee, 2013, The postcolonial Gramsci, 119
- Scott, 1976, The moral economy of the peasant: Rebellion and subsistence in Southeast Asia
- Kaplan, 1994, Rethinking resistance: Dialogics of ‘disaffection’ in colonial Fiji, American Ethnologist, 21, 123, 10.1525/ae.1994.21.1.02a00070 · DOI
- Djohy, 2017, Pastoralism and Socio-technological Transformations in Northern Benin. Fulani Innovations in Pastoral Migration, Livelihood Diversification and Professional Association, 10.17875/gup2017-1072 · DOI
- Hall, 1987, Gramsci and us, Marxism Today, 16
- Kurtz, 1996, Hegemony and anthropology: Gramsci, exegeses, reinterpretations, Critique of Anthropology, 16, 103, 10.1177/0308275X9601600202 · DOI
- Ciavolella, La Gramsci maintenant? [Gramsci now?]
- De Martino, 1992, Due inediti su Gramsci: ‘Postille a Gramsci’ e ‘Gramsci e il Folklore’” [Two unpublished works on Gramsci: “Gramsci’s postscripts, and “Gramsci and folklore”] La Ricerca Folklorica, 25, 73, 10.2307/1479694 · DOI
- Gledhill, 2012, New approaches to resistance in Brazil and Mexico
- Ciavolella, 2015, Alterpolitics or alterotopies: A critique of Nomadology and Resistance (with reference to West Africa), Focaal—Journal of Global and Historical Anthropology, 72, 23
- Liguori, 2011, Tre accezioni di ‘subalterno’ in Gramsci” [Three meanings of “subaltern, in Gramsci]. Critica Marxista, 6, 34
- Gutmann, 2002, The romance of democracy, 109, 10.1525/9780520936638 · DOI
- Schwartzmantel, 2009, Gramsci and global politics: Hegemony and resistance, 1
- Onibon, 2004, Capitalisation et évaluation des marchés à bétail autogérés au nord du Bénin, Report, CTA, MAE, Inter-réseaux
- Bierschenk, 1995, “Rituels politiques et construction de l’identité ethnique des Peuls au Bénin” [Political rituals and construction of the ethical identity of Peuls au Bénin], Cahiers des sciences humaines, 31, 457
- Ciavolella, 2017, Connessioni sentimentali, monografie integrali e senso comune delle lotte subalterne, International Gramsci Journal, 2, 174
- Comaroff, 1990, Goodly beasts, beastly goods: Cattle and commodities in a South African context, American Ethnologist, 17, 195, 10.1525/ae.1990.17.2.02a00010 · DOI
- Ferguson, 1990, The anti-politics machine: “development,” depoliticization, and bureaucratic power in Lesotho
- Ciavolella, 2017, Connessioni sentimentali, monografie integrali e senso comune delle lotte subalterne, International Gramsci Journal, 2, 174
- Day, 2005, Gramsci is dead: Anarchist currents in the newest social movements
- Keesing, 1992, Custom and confrontation: The Kwaio struggle for cultural autonomy
- Feierman, 1990, Peasant intellectuals: Anthropology and history in Tanzania
- Comaroff, 1991, Of revelation and revolution, 10.7208/chicago/9780226114477.001.0001 · DOI
- Roseberry, 1994, Everyday forms of state formation: Revolution and the negotiation of rule in modern Mexico, 355, 10.1215/9780822396666-012 · DOI
- Hall, 1987, Gramsci and us, Marxism Today, 16
- Gledhill, 2012, New approaches to resistance in Brazil and Mexico
- Bierschenk, 1998, Les pouvoirs au village: Le Bénin rural entre démocratisation et décentralisation [The powers in the village: Rural Benin between democratization and decentralization]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Thinking with Gramsci Today: Gramscian perspectives in ethnographies of Europe
Streinzer, A., & Tosic, J. (2022) · Dialectical Anthropology · doi:10.1007/s10624-022-09679-0 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Ciavolella, R.
- Venue
- Focaal
- Publisher
- Berghahn Books
- Published
- 2018-12-01
- Volume
- 2018
- Issue
- 82
- Pages
- 49-63
- ISSN
- 0920-1297
- 1558-5263
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 0
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