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The Child in the Garden: An Evaluative Review of the Benefits of School Gardening
Abstract
Although educators widely use school gardens for experiential education, researchers have not systematically examined the evaluative literature on school-gardening outcomes. The author reviewed the U. S. literature on children's gardening, taking into account potential effects, school-gardening outcomes, teacher evaluations of gardens as learning tools, and methodological issues. Quantitative studies showed positive outcomes of school-gardening initiatives in the areas of science achievement and food behavior, but they did not demonstrate that children's environmental attitude or social behavior consistently improve with gardening. Validity and reliability issues reduced general confidence in these results. Qualitative studies documented a wider scope of desirable outcomes, including an array of positive social and environmental behaviors. Gardening enthusiasm varies among teachers, depending on support and horticultural confidence.
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Cited by
Sandifer, P. A., Sutton-Grier, A. E., & Ward, B. P. (2015) · Ecosystem Services · doi:10.1016/j.ecoser.2014.12.007 · Cited by 1,014
Green schoolyards as havens from stress and resources for resilience in childhood and adolescence
Chawla, L., Keena, K., Pevec, I., & Stanley, E. (2014) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2014.03.001 · Cited by 449
Do Experiences With Nature Promote Learning? Converging Evidence of a Cause-and-Effect Relationship
Kuo, M., Barnes, M., & Jordan, C. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00305 · Cited by 435
Draper, C., & Freedman, D. (2010) · Journal of Community Practice · doi:10.1080/10705422.2010.519682 · Cited by 340
Russo, A., Escobedo, F. J., Cirella, G. T., & Zerbe, S. (2017) · Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2017.03.026 · Cited by 284
Metadata
- Authors
- Blair, D.
- Venue
- The Journal of Environmental Education
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 15-38
- ISSN
- 0095-8964 (ISSN-L)
- 1940-1892
- OpenAlex
- W2075780648
- Cited by
- 610
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 52.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Blair, D. (2009). The Child in the Garden: An Evaluative Review of the Benefits of School Gardening. The Journal of Environmental Education. https://doi.org/10.3200/joee.40.2.15-38
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
