Automation, Learning, and Career Dynamics

Abstract

We study how an automating technology affects career dynamics, human capital, and welfare in an economy where workers acquire skill through the tasks they perform.In a continuous-time general equilibrium model, learning-by-doing is determined jointly with the share of tasks automated, the frontier of tasks managers maintain, and the worker-to-manager career transition.Economies with high learning capacity admit pairs of stationary equilibria strictly ranked by the aggregate learning rate.Cheaper technology has opposite effects across the two: in the high-learning equilibrium, it raises welfare through the learning channel itself; in the low-learning equilibrium, it tips the economy into a human-capital trap.The planner's first-best combines a tax on automation profits with a subsidy on frontier-maintenance expenditures at a common rate.