The importance of sample size for reproducibility of tDCS effects

Minarik, Tamas, Berger, Barbara, Althaus, Laura, Bader, Veronika, Biebl, Bianca, Brotzeller, Franziska, Fusban, Theodor, Hegemann, Jessica +9 more·2016·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00453

Cited by (179)

Items 101–179 of 179

  1. The Interaction of the Dorsolateral and Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex During Mind Wandering
    Vahid Nejati, Bahar Zamiran, Michael Andreas Nitsche · 2023 · Brain Topography
  2. Commentary: Transcranial stimulation of the frontal lobes increases propensity of mind-wandering without changing meta-awareness
    Gábor Csifcsák, Nya Mehnwolo Boayue, Per Matti Aslaksen, Zsolt Turi, Andrea Antal, Josephine Maria Groot, Guy E. Hawkins, Birte U. Forstmann, Alexander Opitz, Axel Thielscher et al. · 2019 · Frontiers in Psychology
  3. The Effect of Multi-Session Prefrontal Cortical Stimulation on Aggression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Trial
    Olivia Choy, Gary Tan, Yen Cong Wong · 2023 · Life
  4. Randomized, crossover, sham-controlled, double-blind study of transcranial direct current stimulation of left DLPFC on executive functions
    Laurence Dumont, Sofia El Mouderrib, Hugo Théoret · 2018 · Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience
  5. High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation of the left middle temporal complex does not affect visual motion perception learning
    Di Wu, Yifan Wang, Na Liu, Panhui Wang, Kewei Sun, Wei Xiao · 2022 · Frontiers in Neuroscience
  6. A meta-analytical review of transcranial direct current stimulation parameters on upper limb motor learning in healthy older adults and people with Parkinson’s disease
    Jessie Siew-Pin Leuk, Kai-En Yow, Clenyce Zi-Xin Tan, Ashlee M. Hendy, Mika Kar-Wing Tan, Tommy Hock-Beng Ng, Wei‐Peng Teo · 2022 · Reviews in the Neurosciences
  7. Posttraining anodal tDCS improves early consolidation of visual perceptual learning
    Di Wu, Yifan Wang, Na Liu, Panhui Wang, Kewei Sun, Pan Zhang · 2022 · Clinical Neurophysiology
  8. Effects of tDCS on the attentional blink revisited: A statistical evaluation of a replication attempt
    Leon C. Reteig, Lionel A. Newman, K. Richard Ridderinkhof, Heleen A. Slagter · 2022 · PLoS ONE
  9. Anodal online transcranial direct current stimulation facilitates visual motion perceptual learning
    Di Wu, Pan Zhang, Yifan Wang, Na Liu, Kewei Sun, Panhui Wang, Wei Xiao · 2022 · European Journal of Neuroscience
  10. Cerebellar Neuromodulation Impacts Reading Fluency in Young Adults
    Marissa M. Lee, Lauren M. McGrath, Catherine J. Stoodley · 2023 · Neurobiology of Language
  11. Comparable Efficacy of Repeated Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Their Combination in Improvement of Cold and Hot Cognitive Functions and Amelioration of Depressive Symptoms
    Vahid Nejati, Masoumeh Nozari, Bahram Mirzaian, Hosein Pourshahriar, Mohammad Ali Salehinejad · 2024 · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
  12. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on cortex modulation by stimulation of the primary motor cortex and parietal cortex in humans
    S. Bashir, Dowihi Aisha, A. Hamza, F. Al-Hussain, Woo-Kyoung Yoo · 2020 · International Journal of Neuroscience
  13. A Study of Null Effects for the Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Adults With and Without Reading Impairment
    Jacqueline Cummine, Miya Villarena, Taylor Onysyk, Joseph T. Devlin · 2020 · Neurobiology of Language
  14. You feel me? A randomized trial of tDCS on pain empathy
    Crysten Repetti, Michael A. Eskenazi, Sarah García · 2022 · International Journal of Psychophysiology
  15. Combining NIBS with EEG: What Can It Tell Us About Normal Cognition?
    Paul C.J. Taylor · 2018 · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports
  16. Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation Boosts Early Motion Perception Learning Rather than the Later Performance Plateau
    Na Liu, Di Wu, Yifan Wang, Pan Zhang, Yinling Zhang · 2023 · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
  17. Conventional and HD-tDCS May (or May Not) Modulate Overt Attentional Orienting: An Integrated Spatio-Temporal Approach and Methodological Reflections
    Lorenzo Diana, Scotti G., Edoardo Nicolò Aiello, Patrick Pilastro, Aleksandra K. Eberhard‐Moscicka, René M. Müri, Nadia Bolognini · 2021 · Brain Sciences
  18. No effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on visual evoked potential and peak gamma frequency
    Abdullah Bin Dawood, Abigail H. Dickinson, Ali Aytemür, Elizabeth Milne, Myles Jones · 2022 · Cognitive Processing
  19. Evaluating Back-to-Back and Day-to-Day Reproducibility of Cortical GABA+ Measurements Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H MRS)
    Sonja Elsaid, Peter Truong, Napapon Sailasuta, Bernard Le Foll · 2023 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences
  20. Investigating the role of phase-synchrony during encoding of episodic memories using electrical stimulation
    Mircea van der Plas, Danying Wang, John‐Stuart Brittain, Simon Hanslmayr · 2020 · Cortex
  21. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left prefrontal cortex does not affect time-trial self-paced cycling performance: Evidence from oscillatory brain activity and power output
    Darías Holgado, Thomas Zandonai, Luis F. Ciria, Mikel Zabala, James Hopker, Daniel Sanabria · 2018 · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
  22. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Targeting the Entire Motor Network Does Not Increase Corticospinal Excitability
    Joris van der Cruijsen, Zeb D. Jonker, Eleni‐Rosalina Andrinopoulou, Jessica E. Wijngaarden, Ditte A. Tangkau, Joke H.M. Tulen, Maarten A. Frens, Gerard Maria Ribbers, Ruud Willem Selles · 2022 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
  23. Effects of transcranial electrical stimulation techniques on foreign vocabulary learning
    Yolanda Balboa-Bandeira, Leire Zubiaurre‐Elorza, M. Acebo García‐Guerrero, Naroa Ibarretxe‐Bilbao, Natalia Ojeda, Javier Peña · 2022 · Behavioural Brain Research
  24. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS) and functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) in healthy elderly and patients with MCI: modulation of age-related changes in word fluency and language lateralization
    Florian Heimann, Sabine Weiß, Horst M. Müller · 2024 · Frontiers in Aging
  25. Targeting the left DLPFC and right VLPFC in unmarried romantic relationship breakup (love trauma syndrome) with intensified electrical stimulation: A randomized, single-blind, parallel-group, sham-controlled study.
    J. Alizadehgoradel, Seyed Danial Razavi, Z. Shirani, M. Barati, Mina Taherifard, Vahid Nejati, Michael A. Nitsche · 2024 · Journal of Psychiatric Research
  26. Neurocognitive effects of 3 mA prefrontal electrical stimulation in schizophrenia: A randomized sham-controlled tDCS-fMRI study protocol
    Amir‐Homayun Hallajian, Kiomars Sharifi, Reza Rostami, Fahimeh Saeed, Shirin Mokarian Rajabi, Negin Zangenehnia, Zahra Amini, Zahra Askari, Fidel Vila‐Rodriguez, Mohammad Ali Salehinejad · 2024 · PLoS ONE
  27. Transcutaneous and transcranial electrical stimulation for enhancing military performance: an update and systematic review
    Onno van der Groen, Sara A. Rafique, Nick Willmot, Margaret G. Murphy, Eulalia Tisnovsky, Tad T. Brunyé · 2025 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
  28. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation over the posterior parietal cortex on novice X-ray screening performance
    Jennifer Wagner, Silvia Lo Monaco, Federica Contò, Danielle Parrott, Lorella Battelli, Elena Rusconi · 2020 · Cortex
  29. Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation Does Not Affect Implicit Sensorimotor Adaptation: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial
    Huijun Wang, Kunlin Wei · 2022 · Brain Sciences
  30. Effects of Transspinal Direct Current Stimulation on Cycling Perception of Effort and Time to Exhaustion
    Anthony B. Ciccone, Andrew C. Fry, Dawn Marie Emerson, Philip M. Gallagher, Trent J. Herda, Joseph P. Weir · 2020 · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
  31. Transcranial direct current stimulation of the prefrontal and visual cortices diversely affects early and late perceptual learning
    Di Wu, Yan Zhu, Yifan Wang, Na Liu, Pan Zhang · 2024 · Brain and Behavior
  32. Left Prefrontal tDCS during Learning Does Not Enhance Subsequent Verbal Episodic Memory in Young Adults: Results from Two Double-Blind and Sham-Controlled Experiments
    Gergely Bartl, Paul Allen, Marco Sandrini · 2023 · Brain Sciences
  33. Individual response to transcranial direct current stimulation as a function of working memory capacity and electrode montage
    Inga Menze, Notger G. Mueller, Tino Zaehle, Marlen Schmicker · 2023 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
  34. Dissociable effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on early and later stages of visual motion perceptual learning
    Di Wu, Zhu Yan, Wang Yifan, Liu Na, Zhang Pan · 2023 · Brain Research Bulletin
  35. Sampling Practices in Communication Studies: A Decade of Research in Four Top Journals
    Kory Floyd, Nathan T. Woo, Jeannette L Maré, Kaylin L. Duncan · 2023 · Communication and Linguistics Studies
  36. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for neurological disability among subacute stroke survivors to improve multiple domains in health-related quality of life: Randomized controlled trial protocol
    Vandana Esht, Mohammed M. Alshehri, Karthick Balasubramanian, Ramya Ramasamy Sanjeevi, Mohammad Abu Shaphe, Ahmed Alhowimel, Aqeel M. Alenazi, Bader Ali Alqahtani, Norah A. Alhwoaimel · 2024 · Neurophysiologie Clinique
  37. Does Cathodal Preconditioning Enhance the Effects of Subsequent Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Corticospinal Excitability and Grip Strength?
    Aidan Lewis, Ben Rattray, Andrew P. Flood · 2024 · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
  38. Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD
    Vahid Nejati, Fateme Mirikaram, Michael Andreas Nitsche · 2024 · Scientific Reports
  39. The Time Course of Ineffective Sham Blinding During 1mA tDCS
    Buhot, Larissa, Robert P. Spang, Möller, Lisa, Gemma Learmonth · 2017 · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
  40. The Impact of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Rumination: A Systematic Review of the Sham-controlled Studies in Healthy and Clinical Samples
    Yorgo Hoebeke, Olivier Desmedt, Betül Özçimen, Alexandre Heeren · 2020
  41. The effectiveness of tDCS on motor sequence learning in high and low-physical activity older adults
    Ailin Talimkhani, Razieh Abedi, Zahra Mohammadzadeh, Aliyeh Daryabor, Sedigheh Sadat Naimi, Leila Rahnama · 2025 · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
  42. 3D-printable stimulation electrodes to improve precision, reproducibility, and reliability of transcranial electric current stimulation
    Silke Kerstens, Luuk van Boekholdt, Jean‐Jacques Orban de Xivry, Myles Mc Laughlin · 2025 · Clinical Neurophysiology
  43. No Enhancing Effect of Fronto-Medial tDCS on Working Memory Processes
    Elisabeth V. C. Friedrich, Barbara E. Berger, Tamas Minarik, Doris Schmid, Charline Peylo, Paul Sauseng · 2019 · Journal of Cognitive Enhancement
  44. The use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to reduce impulsivity and aggression in adults with mild intellectual developmental disabilities: the tDCS-RIADD randomised controlled trial protocol
    Najat R. Khalifa, Emily R. Hawken, Andrew Bickle, Mariel Cabrera, Travis Heath, Andrew Drury, Jessica Jones, Muhammad Ayub · 2022 · Trials
  45. The Role of Frontostriatal Systems in Instructed Reinforcement Learning: Evidence From Genetic and Experimentally-Induced Variation
    Nathan Tardiff, Kathryn Nicole Graves, Sharon L. Thompson‐Schill · 2018 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
  46. Investigating cognitive and therapeutic effects of transcranial electric stimulation (TES): a short guide for reproducible and transparent research
    Samuel James Westwood · 2020
  47. Optimized multichannel tDCS protocol for clinical use in patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized, controlled trial
    Mohammad Ali Salehinejad, Marzieh Abdi, Mohsen Dadashi, Ahmad Zolghadriha, Ricardo Salvador, Giulio Ruffini, Michael Andreas Nitsche · 2024
  48. HD-tDCS in a Gaming Setting: Effects of Polarity and Timing in a Visuospatial Working-Memory Task
    Gina L. Haccou, Nick Nau, Colby Johanson, J.W.J.R. van 't Klooster, Maximilian A. Friehs · 2025 · Journal of Cognitive Enhancement
  49. The Effect of a Single Session of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Attention in Pediatric Acquired Brain Injury: Characterizing Interindividual Structural and Functional Network Response Variability
    Athena Stein, Kevin A. Caulfield, Mervyn Singh, Justin Riddle, Maximilian A. Friehs, Michael P. Craven, Madeleine Jane Groom, Kartik K. Iyer, Karen Maria Barlow · 2025 · Pediatric Neurology
  50. The Effect of Single-Session Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Cerebral Blood Flow: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Jianmeng Song, Edgardo Torres‐Carmona, Ali Abdolizadeh, Yasaman Kambari, Aron Amaev, Fumihiko Ueno, Teruki Koizumi, Gary J. Remington, Vincenzo De Luca, Ariel Graff‐Guerrero et al. · 2025 · Brain Topography
  51. Transcranial direct current stimulation for upper and lower limb motor function in young people with Cerebral Palsy: a randomised controlled pilot study
    Bronwyn Gavine, Matthew Weightman, Foteini Mavrommati, Rachel Buckingham, Cherry Kilbride, Piergiorgio Salvan, Martin Smith, Tim N. Theologis, Dido Green, Mary Cramp et al. · 2025 · Disability and Rehabilitation
  52. Effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on attention and memory biases in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a randomized, single-blind, parallel-group study
    Reza Estaji, Mohammad Javad Ahmadizadeh · 2026 · Journal of Psychiatric Research
  53. Sham tDCS controls: blinding, reliability, and a specification-grade checklist
    Miloš Ljubisavljević, Jonida Basha, Fransina Christina King, Fatima Y. Ismail, Shahid Bashir, Yauhen A. Statsenko, Miklós Szólics, Gordon C. Baylis · 2026 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
  54. Anodal tDCS of the left inferior parietal cortex enhances memory for correct information without affecting recall of misinformation
    Céline C. Haciahmet, Maximilian A. Friehs, Christian Frings, Bernhard Pastötter · 2024 · Memory
  55. Balance of power: The choice between trial and participant numbers to optimise the detection of phase-dependent effects
    Asher Geffen, Nicholas Simon Bland, Martin V. Sale · 2024 · Imaging Neuroscience
  56. Increasing propensity of mind wandering using tDCS? A Registered Report
    Nya Mehnwolo Boayue, Gábor Csifcsák, Per Matti Aslaksen, Zsolt Turi, Andrea Antal, Josephine Maria Groot, Guy E. Hawkins, Birte U. Forstmann, Axel Thielscher, Alexander Opitz et al. · 2018
  57. The effect of tDCS on mind wandering in adults with and without ADHD:
    Vahid Nejati, Maryam Majidinezhad, Fatemeh Yavari, Michael Andreas Nitsche · 2023 · Research Square
  58. The effect of a single session of tDCS on attention in pediatric acquired brain injury: Characterising inter-individual structural and functional network response variability
    Athena Stein, Kevin A. Caulfield, Mervyn Singh, Justin Riddle, Maximilian A. Friehs, Michael P. Craven, Madeleine Jane Groom, Kartik K. Iyer, Karen Maria Barlow · 2025 · medRxiv
  59. The modulatory effect of sleep on transcranial direct current stimulation-enhanced learning
    James K. Ebajemito · 2018 · Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)
  60. Effects of prefrontal tDCS on dopamine-mediated behavior and psychophysiology
    Darrell A. Worthy, Michael J. Imburgio, Jessica A. Bernard, Hannah K. Ballard, Astin C. Cornwall, Joseph M. Orr · 2018 · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
  61. Executive functions, self-paced exercise and cycling performance
    Darías Holgado, Daniel Sanabria · 2019
  62. Effects of tDCS on the attentional blink revisited: A statistical evaluation of a replication attempt
    Leon C. Reteig, Lionel A. Newman, K. Richard Ridderinkhof, Heleen A. Slagter · 2019 · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
  63. Drawn to the rhythm
    Selma K. Kemmerer · 2022
  64. Der Einfluss von nicht invasiver transkranieller Stromstimulation auf das assoziative episodische Gedächtnis
    Knechtges, Philipp · 2021
  65. The synergistic effects of cycloserine and anodal tDCS: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Fernanda Cristina Poscai Ribeiro, July Samy Brasil, Diego Carneiro Vianna, Kleber Fernando Pereira, Felipe Fregni · 2025 · Experimental Brain Research
  66. tDCS peripheral nerve stimulation can enhance passive avoidance learning in rats
    Luuk van Boekholdt, Silke Kerstens, Kaydee Decloedt, Myles Mc Laughlin · 2025 · Frontiers in Neuroscience
  67. Does anodal tDCS over M1 really enhance motor sequence learning? A non-replication of earlier findings in a double-blind, pre-registered large-sample study in humans
    Silke Kerstens, Luuk van Boekholdt, Hans Vanderheyden, Louise De Smedt, Nina Seminck, Tine Van Bogaert, Geneviève Albouy, Bradley R. King, Jean‐Jacques Orban de Xivry, Myles Mc Laughlin · 2025 · medRxiv
  68. Disturbing the sound of silence: Bilateral temporal cortex stimulation and auditory mental imagery
    Benedetta Rollo, Gianluca Malatesta, Anita D’Anselmo, Chiara Lucafò, Luca Tommasi · 2025 · Brain and Cognition
  69. Additional file 1 of Non-linear dose response effect of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation on muscle strength in young healthy adults: a randomized controlled study
    Oranich Vimolratana, Alexandra Lackmy‐Vallée, Benchaporn Aneksan, Vimonwan Hiengkaew, Wanalee Klomjai · 2024 · Figshare
  70. A Novel Approach to Map the Causal Impact of Brain Stimulation on Semantic Processing With Language Models
    Andrea Bruera, Gesa Hartwigsen · 2026 · Neurobiology of Language
  71. Acute Effect of Trans-Spinal Direct Current Stimulation on Ventilatory Muscle Strength and Endurance in Young and Older Women
    Ellem Nara Tananta Dantas, Fernando Zanela da Silva Arêas, Elder Nascimento Pereira, Swyanne Rosenete Scantelbury, Beatriz Campelo Monteiro, Cássia da Luz Goulart, Fernando Fonseca de Almeida e Val, Renato Campos Freire Júnior, Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco Arêas · 2026 · Respiratory Care
  72. Investigating the Role of Phase Synchrony During Encoding of Episodic Memories Using Electrical Stimulation
    Simon Hanslmayr, John‐Stuart Brittain, Mircea van der Plas · 2019 · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)
  73. Dissociating behavioral, neural and experiential effects of prefrontal HD-tDCS during conflict resolution
    Darías Holgado, Víctor Martínez‐Pérez, Elisa Martín‐Arévalo, Tristan Andres Bekinschtein, Miguel Fernández‐del‐Olmo, Daniel Sanabria, Antonio Luque‐Casado · 2026 · Physiology & Behavior
  74. Effects of tDCS and tACS on operant tactile training: investigating individual differences in neuromodulation efficacy
    Emily Gebert, Tran Ngoc-Huong Quan, Ahmed A. Karim, Ben Godde · 2026 · Experimental Brain Research
  75. The effect of tDCS on emotion-related risk-taking behavior and delay discounting in adults with ADHD
    Zehra Uçar Hasanlı, E.T. Ozel-Kizil, Burçin Çolak, Farhad Nassehi, Zeynel Baran, Deha Onar, A. H. Bayraktar Özdemir, Jamal Hasanlı · 2026 · Journal of Psychiatric Research
  76. Sex Does Matter! The Influence of Sex on Outcomes of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)
    James Chmiel, Marta Stępień–Słodkowska, Aleksandra Kładna, Mirela Niedzielska · 2026 · Cells
  77. Modulation of cognitive and motor functions by temporal interference stimulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and variability
    Samaneh Aziziaram, Anna Elisabeth Fromm, Inês R. Violante, Agnes Flöel, Daria Antonenko · 2026 · Frontiers in Psychology
  78. Efficacy and neural mechanisms of transcranial direct current stimulation for social function in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Hanying Zhao, Haomiao Niu, Yi Jiang, Xin Li, Wenhao Han, Xinyu Yang, Wei Pang · 2026 · Journal of Psychiatric Research
  79. Bilateral M1 tDCS selectively modulates dynamic large-scale brain states associated with sensorimotor control relative to sham stimulation
    Haya Salameh, Toni Muffel, Yvonne Serhan, Maria Samara, Karl‐Heinz Nenning, Uri Hertz, Arno Villringer, Bernhard Sehm, Smadar Ovadia‐Caro · 2026 · Scientific Reports