Regionally Distinct Astrocytes Display Unique Transcription Factor Profiles in the Adult Brain
Open accessAbstract
Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous system and perform a myriad of vital functions, however, the nature of their diversity remains a longstanding question in neuroscience. Using transcription factor motif discovery analysis on region-specific gene signatures from astrocytes we uncovered universal and region-specific transcription factor expression profiles. This analysis revealed that motifs for Nuclear Factor-I (NFI) are present in genes enriched in astrocytes from all regions, with NFIB and NFIX exhibiting pan-astrocyte expression in the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, cortex, and brainstem. Further analysis into region-specific motif patterns, identified Nkx3-1, Stat4, Pgr, and Nkx6-1 as prospective region-specific transcription factors. Validation studies revealed that Nkx6-1 is exclusively expressed in astrocytes in the brainstem and associates with the promoters of several brainstem specific target genes. These studies illustrate the presence of multiple transcriptional layers in astrocytes across diverse brain regions and provide a new entry point for examining how astrocyte diversity is specified and maintained.
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Many of these transcription factors were well documented.
“many of which were well documented61–66.”
From A high-resolution transcriptomic and spatial atlas of cell types in the whole mouse brain (2023) · cites this paper as [62]
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References 44 · Cited by 78
- Authors
- Lozzi, B., Huang, T.-W., Sardar, D., Huang, A. Y.-S., & Deneen, B.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Deneen, Benjamin
- Venue
- Frontiers in Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2020-02-21
- Volume
- 14
- Pages
- 61-61
- ISSN
- 1662-453X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7046629
- OpenAlex
- W3006984592
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 4.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- astrocytes, astrocyte heterogeneity, transcription factors, transcription factor binding motifs, regional gene expression, NFI, NFIB, NFIX, NKX6.1, NKX3.1, STAT4, PGR, brainstem, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, cortex
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