Revisiting 3Rs: rethinking replacement and new approach methodologies
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Modern 3Rs interpretations in NAMs increasingly extend the 3Rs concept to animal-derived materials, advocating fully animal-free systems even in the absence of explicit regulatory obligations.
“In contrast, modern 3Rs interpretations in New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) increasingly extend the 3Rs concept to animal-derived materials, advocating fully animal-free systems even in the absence of explicit regulatory obligations (Oredsson et al., 2019; Rosolowski et al., 2025).”
From Challenges and solutions in transitioning to animal-free standards: a comprehensive analysis of components in human cell-based developmental neurotoxicity assays (2026) · cites this paper as Rosolowski et al., 2025
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A worldwide survey on the use of animal‐derived materials and reagents in scientific experimentation
Cassotta, M., Bartnicka, J. J., Pistollato, F., Parvatam, S., Weber, T., D'Alessandro, V., Bastos, L. F., & Coecke, S. (2022) · Engineering in Life Sciences · doi:10.1002/elsc.202100167 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Spänle, J. V., Haiber, L. M., & Seeger, B. (2026) · Frontiers in Toxicology · doi:10.3389/ftox.2026.1800157 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Rosolowski, J., Weber, T., Malakpour-Permlid, A., & Oredsson, S.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Toxicology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2025-11-14
- Volume
- 7
- ISSN
- 2673-3080
- PMC
- PMC12660069
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 1
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