Cited by 469Treatment of Major DepressionStress Responses and CortisolNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

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A trans-dimensional approach to the behavioral aspects of depression

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Bessa, João M.·2009·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

DOI 10.3389/neuro.08.001.2009PMC PMC2634526

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Abstract

Depression, a complex mood disorder, displays high comorbidity with anxiety and cognitive disorders. To establish the extent of inter-dependence between these behavioral domains, we here undertook a systematic analysis to establish interactions between mood [assessed with the forced-swimming (FST) and sucrose consumption tests (SCT)], anxiety [elevated-plus maze (EPM) and novelty suppressed feeding (NSF) tests] and cognition (spatial memory and behavioral flexibility tests) in rats exposed to unpredictable chronic-mild-stress (uCMS). Expectedly, uCMS induced depressive-like behavior, a hyperanxious phenotype and cognitive impairment; with the exception of the measure of anxiety in the EPM, these effects were attenuated by antidepressants (imipramine, fluoxetine). Measures of mood by the FST and SCT were strongly correlated, whereas no significant correlations were found between the different measures of anxiety (EPM and NSF); likewise, measures of cognition by spatial memory and behavioral flexibility tests were poorly correlated. Inter-domain analysis revealed significant correlations between mood (FST and SCT) and anxiety-like behavior (NSF, but not EPM). Furthermore, significant correlations were found between cognitive performance (reverse learning task) and mood (FST and SCT) and anxiety-like behavior (NSF). These results demonstrate interactions between different behavioral domains that crosscut the disciplines of psychiatry and neurology.

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Authors: Bessa, J. M.
Affiliations: University of Minho (PT)
Corresponding author: Bessa, João M.
ORCID: Bessa, João M.
Venue: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2009
Volume: 3
Pages: 1-1
ISSN: 1662-5153 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/neuro.08.001.2009
PMC: PMC2634526
OpenAlex: W2140338624
Cited by: 469
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 48
FWCI: 32.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: European Commission (LSHM-CT-2005-018652)
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (PTDC/SAU-NEU/72699/2006)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords: depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, chronic unpredictable mild stress, domain-domain interactions, mood, novelty-suppressed feeding, elevated plus maze, forced swim test, sucrose intake, spatial memory, behavioral flexibility, antidepressants, imipramine, fluoxetine, rat model

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A trans-dimensional approach to the behavioral aspects of depression

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