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Evaluation of post-harvest organic carbon amendments as a strategy to minimize nitrogen losses in cole crop production.
Open accessAbstract
Cole crops (Brassica vegetables) can pose a significant risk for N losses during the post-harvest period due to substantial amounts of readily mineralizable N in crop residues. Amending the soil with organic C has the potential to immobilize N and thereby reduce the risk for N losses. Four field trials were conducted to determine the effects of organic C amendments (OCA) on N dynamics and spring wheat (Triticum durum L.) harvest parameters proceeding early- and late-broccoli (Brassica olecerea var italica L.) systems in 2009 and 2010. The experimental controls represented the traditional grower practice of incorporated broccoli crop residue (CR-control) and the pre-plant application of N fertilizer (CRN-control) to subsequent spring wheat. Alternative practices were compared to the controls, which included broccoli crop residue removal (CR-removal), an oat (Avena sativa L.) cover crop (CC-oat), and three different OCA of wheat straw (OCA-straw), yard waste (OCA-yard), or used cooking oil (OCA-oil). The treatments, which demonstrated reduced autumn soil mineral N (SMN) concentrations after broccoli harvest, relative to the CR-control, were CR-removal, OCA-straw, and OCA-oil. Although CR-removal and OCA-straw indicated a reduced potential for autumn soil N losses in the early-broccoli system, these practices are not recommended for growers because subsequent spring wheat yield and profit margins were reduced compared to the CR- and CRN-controls. The OCA-oil reduced autumn SMN concentrations by 53 to 112 kg N ha−1 relative to the CR-control after both early- and late-broccoli harvest, suggesting a larger potential for reduced autumn soil N losses, compared to all other treatments. No detrimental effects resulted from the OCA-oil treatment on the subsequent spring yield or grain N. The OCA-oil reduced spring wheat profit margins relative to the CR-control, like the OCA-straw and CR-removal treatments, however profit margins were similar between the OCA-oil and the CRN-control. Therefore, in areas with a high risk of environmental N contamination, growers should consider the OCA-oil practice after cole crop harvest to minimize the risk of N losses.
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“Such rapid N immobilization can also occur under field conditions after incorporation of organic C-rich crop residues (Congreves et al., 2013).”
From Potential of Wheat Straw, Spruce Sawdust, and Lignin as High Organic Carbon Soil Amendments to Improve Agricultural Nitrogen Retention Capacity: An Incubation Study (2018) · cites this paper as Congreves et al., 2013
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“Application of HCA also showed a potential to mitigate NO3- losses in cropping systems (Congreves et al., 2013), however, previously retained N appears to be lost at a later stage, e.g., in the following post-harvest season, from sandy loam soil with annual average precipitation and temperature of 862 mm and 7.7°C, respectively (Christensen, 1996; Thomsen and Christensen, 1998).”
From Potential of Wheat Straw, Spruce Sawdust, and Lignin as High Organic Carbon Soil Amendments to Improve Agricultural Nitrogen Retention Capacity: An Incubation Study (2018) · cites this paper as Congreves et al., 2013
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Citations
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Reichel, R., Wei, J., Islam, M. S., Schmid, C., Wissel, H., Schröder, P., Schloter, M., & Brüggemann, N. (2018) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00900 · Cited by 110
“Application of HCA also showed a potential to mitigate NO3 losses in cropping systems (Congreves et al., 2013), however, previously retained N appears to be lost at a later stage, e.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Congreves, K., Vyn, R., & Van Eerd, L.
- Affiliations
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, Ontario, N0P 2C0, Canada
- University of Guelph (CA)
- ORCID
- Vyn, Richard
- Venue
- Agronomy
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2013-02-18
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 181-199
- ISSN
- 2073-4395 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1995933544
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 3.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Agronomy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
- Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Keywords
- organic carbon amendment, nitrogen loss, nitrogen immobilization, broccoli, spring wheat, crop residue management, waste cooking oil, wheat straw, yard waste, soil mineral nitrogen, nitrogen leaching, profit margin, cruciferous vegetables
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- Congreves, K., Vyn, R., & Van Eerd, L. (2013). Evaluation of post-harvest organic carbon amendments as a strategy to minimize nitrogen losses in cole crop production. Agronomy. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy3010181
