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Can Computers Create Art?

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Hertzmann, Aaron·2018·Arts

DOI 10.3390/arts7020018

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Abstract

This essay discusses whether computers, using Artificial Intelligence (AI), could create art. First, the history of technologies that automated aspects of art is surveyed, including photography and animation. In each case, there were initial fears and denial of the technology, followed by a blossoming of new creative and professional opportunities for artists. The current hype and reality of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools for art making is then discussed, together with predictions about how AI tools will be used. It is then speculated about whether it could ever happen that AI systems could be credited with authorship of artwork. It is theorized that art is something created by social agents, and so computers cannot be credited with authorship of art in our current understanding. A few ways that this could change are also hypothesized.

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Authors: Hertzmann, A.
Affiliations: Adobe Research, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
Corresponding author: Hertzmann, Aaron
ORCID: Hertzmann, Aaron
Venue: Arts
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2018-05-10
Volume: 7
Issue: 2
Pages: 18
ISSN: 2076-0752 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/arts7020018
OpenAlex: W2963820570
Cited by: 265
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 50 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 2
FWCI: 213.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Arts (publishedVersion, cc-by)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
TSpace (University of Toronto) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics: Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Visual Arts and Performing Arts › Art, Technology, and Culture
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Cybernetics and Technology in Society
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design › Digital Media and Visual Art
Keywords: artificial intelligence in art, computer art, photography, animation, social agency

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