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Cited by 88MicroRNA in disease regulationPlant Molecular Biology ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

let-7 microRNAs: Their Role in Cerebral and Cardiovascular Diseases, Inflammation, Cancer, and Their Regulation

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Bernstein, David L., Jiang, Xinpei, Rom, Slava·2021·Biomedicines
DOI 10.3390/biomedicines9060606PMC PMC8227213
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Abstract

The let-7 family is among the first microRNAs found. Recent investigations have indicated that it is highly expressed in many systems, including cerebral and cardiovascular systems. Numerous studies have implicated the aberrant expression of let-7 members in cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac fibrosis, and atherosclerosis as well as in the inflammation related to these diseases. Furthermore, the let-7 microRNAs are involved in development and differentiation of embryonic stem cells in the cardiovascular system. Numerous genes have been identified as target genes of let-7, as well as a number of the let-7’ regulators. Further studies are necessary to identify the gene targets and signaling pathways of let-7 in cardiovascular diseases and inflammatory processes. The bulk of the let-7’ regulatory proteins are well studied in development, proliferation, differentiation, and cancer, but their roles in inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, and/or stroke are not well understood. Further knowledge on the regulation of let-7 is crucial for therapeutic advances. This review focuses on research progress regarding the roles of let-7 and their regulation in cerebral and cardiovascular diseases and associated inflammation.

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  • let-7a-5p inhibits EMT and reduces fibrosis.

    “It has been reported to inhibit EMT and reduce fibrosis, both of which are crucial factors in the progression of AMD.”

    From rAAV-mediated Multi-miRNA Delivery Targeting MAPK Pathway Suppresses Laser-induced Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice (2026) · cites this paper as [27]

    Section 1, “The let-7 Family and Inflammation” (page unavailable), links the let-7 family to FGF/TGF-β signaling in endothelial cells, and the References list studies concerning let-7 and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and let-7i and vascular fibrosis. The copy does not say that let-7a-5p specifically inhibits EMT or reduces fibrosis; its mention of let-7a-5p explains miRNA naming, not those effects. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The three selected miRNAs-hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-let-7a-5p, and hsa-miR-26a-5p-provide complementary and comprehensive coverage of almost all critical genes associated with the MAPK signaling pathway.

    “From this analysis, we selected the three abundant miRNAs-hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-let-7a-5p, and hsa-miR26a-5p-based on their complementary and comprehensive coverage of almost all the critical genes associated with the MAPK signaling pathway 27-33 as analyzed using miRTarBase version 8.0 and TarBase v8.0 integrated within miRNet (Figure S1).”

    From rAAV-mediated Multi-miRNA Delivery Targeting MAPK Pathway Suppresses Laser-induced Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice (2026) · cites this paper as [27]

    Section 1 discusses let-7 targets involved in cell signaling, and the References list a study of miR-98 targeting MAPK6, but neither passage addresses the claimed coverage of MAPK-pathway genes by the three selected miRNAs. Searches for MAPK coverage, the three miRNA names, and the named target databases found no passage assessing that combination. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Bernstein, D. L., Jiang, X., & Rom, S.
Affiliations
Temple University (US)
Corresponding author
Rom, Slava
ORCID
Venue
Biomedicines
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-05-26
Volume
9
Issue
6
Pages
606
ISSN
2227-9059 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/biomedicines9060606
PMC
PMC8227213
OpenAlex
W3165282034
Cited by
88
References
165
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 5
FWCI
1.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Biomedicines (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • TUScholarShare (Temple University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS101135)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
let-7 microRNA, microRNA regulation, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, myocardial fibrosis, atherosclerosis, inflammation, embryonic stem cell differentiation, cancer, miRNA target genes

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