One-Carbon Metabolism: Pulling the Strings behind Aging and Neurodegeneration
Open accessAbstract
One-carbon metabolism (OCM) is a network of biochemical reactions delivering one-carbon units to various biosynthetic pathways. The folate cycle and methionine cycle are the two key modules of this network that regulate purine and thymidine synthesis, amino acid homeostasis, and epigenetic mechanisms. Intersection with the transsulfuration pathway supports glutathione production and regulation of the cellular redox state. Dietary intake of micronutrients, such as folates and amino acids, directly contributes to OCM, thereby adapting the cellular metabolic state to environmental inputs. The contribution of OCM to cellular proliferation during development and in adult proliferative tissues is well established. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence reveals the pivotal role of OCM in cellular homeostasis of non-proliferative tissues and in coordination of signaling cascades that regulate energy homeostasis and longevity. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on OCM and related pathways and discuss how this metabolic network may impact longevity and neurodegeneration across species.
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One-carbon metabolism links glycolysis with biosynthetic processes that result in DNA and RNA biosynthesis, protein biosynthesis, and maintenance of the redox and methylation states of cells.
“As serine is derived from glycolysis intermediate 3-phosphoglycerate, one-carbon metabolism links glycolysis with different biosynthetic processes that result in DNA and RNA biosynthesis, protein biosynthesis, and the maintenance of the redox and methylation states of cells [51,52].”
From 20-Hydroxyecdysone Boosts Energy Production and Biosynthetic Processes in Non-Transformed Mouse Cells (2024) · cites this paper as [51]
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References 259 · Cited by 110
- Authors
- Lionaki, E., Ploumi, C., & Tavernarakis, N.
- Affiliations
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (GR)
- University of Crete (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Tavernarakis, Nektarios
- Venue
- Cells
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-01-09
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 214
- ISSN
- 2073-4409 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8773781
- OpenAlex
- W4205722329
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 259
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 6
- FWCI
- 3.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cells (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- European Research Council (GA695190)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Keywords
- one-carbon metabolism, folate cycle, methionine cycle, transsulfuration pathway, glutathione, cellular redox state, epigenetic regulation, amino acid homeostasis, dietary folate, longevity, aging, neurodegeneration, energy homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Carbon, Humans, Mitochondria, Nerve Degeneration, Metabolic Networks and Pathways
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