Enhancing Proton Therapy Efficacy Through Nanoparticle-Mediated Radiosensitization
Open accessAbstract
Proton therapy, characterized by its unique Bragg peak, offers the potential to optimize the destruction of cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues, positioning it as one of the most advanced cancer treatment modalities currently available. However, in comparison to heavy ions, protons exhibit a relatively lower relative biological effectiveness (RBE), which limits the efficacy of proton therapy. The incorporation of nanoparticles for radiosensitization presents a novel approach to enhance the RBE of protons. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of the recent advancements in augmenting the biological effects of proton therapy through the use of nanoparticles. It examines the various types of nanoparticles that have been the focus of extensive research, elucidates their mechanisms of radiation sensitization, and evaluates the factors influencing the efficiency of this sensitization process. Furthermore, this review discusses the latest synergistic therapeutic strategies that integrate nanoparticle-mediated radiosensitization and outlines prospective directions for the future application of nanoparticles in conjunction with proton therapy.
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High-Z nanoparticles enhance ROS generation by increasing local energy deposition and secondary electron emission, thereby amplifying free radical formation and oxidative stress following irradiation.
“High-Z nanoparticles enhance ROS generation by increasing local energy deposition and secondary electron emission, thereby amplifying free radical formation and oxidative stress following irradiation [9,10,86,88,102,103].”
From Nanoparticle-Mediated Radiosensitization in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence and Translational Challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [103]
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References 144 · Cited by 23
- Authors
- Ma, J., Shen, H., & Mi, Z.
- Affiliations
- Fudan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Mi, Zhaohong
- Venue
- Cells
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-11-07
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 1841
- ISSN
- 2073-4409 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11593106
- OpenAlex
- W4404147111
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 144
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 1.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cells (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (12205053, 2023YFA1607000)
- National Key R&D Program of China (12205053, 2023YFA1607000)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Keywords
- proton therapy, radiosensitization, nanoparticles, relative biological effectiveness, Bragg peak, cancer radiotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Neoplasms, Radiation-Sensitizing Agents, Nanoparticles, Proton Therapy
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