A Multilingual Dataset of Student Answers, Human Grading, and Multi-LLM Evaluations for Automated Assessment Research Using JorGPT
Open accessAbstract
The increasing adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in higher education has created a need for high-quality, publicly available benchmarks for automated assessment. Existing datasets often rely on synthetic responses or lack detailed human feedback. This paper presents a multilingual dataset of 3041 authentic student answers to 50 open-ended Computer Science questions, collected from real university assessments during the 2025–2026 academic year. The dataset includes the original student responses (Spanish) and their parallel translations (English), instructor (or teacher) defined ideal answers, blind human grading with qualitative feedback, and structured evaluations from three state-of-the-art LLMs (DeepSeek-chat-V3.2, Qwen-flash-2025-07-28, Gemini-2.5-flash-lite-001) using a unified JSON schema. This resource enables reproducible research in automated grading, feedback generation, and cross-lingual educational NLP.
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Cites
Towards Trustworthy AutoGrading of Short, Multi-lingual, Multi-type Answers
Schneider, J., Richner, R., & Riser, M. (2023) · International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education · doi:10.1007/s40593-022-00289-z · Cited by 48 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Cisneros-González, J., Gordo-Herrera, N., Barcia-Santos, I., Cerezo, Y., & Sánchez-Soriano, J.
- Affiliations
- Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (ES)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Data
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2026-03-17
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 59
- ISSN
- 2306-5729 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W7138377515
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1
- FWCI
- 8.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Data (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Universidad Francisco de Vitoria
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Educational Technology and Assessment
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Science Applications › Online Learning and Analytics
- Keywords
- automated assessment, automated grading, student response, multilingual dataset, open-ended questions, computer science education, LLM evaluation, feedback generation
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