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AI Agents Meet Blockchain: A Survey on Secure and Scalable Collaboration for Multi-Agents

Karim, Md Monjurul, Van, Dong Hoang, Khan, Sangeen, Qu, Qiang, Kholodov, Yaroslav·2025·Future Internet
DOI 10.3390/fi17020057
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Abstract

In recent years, the interplay between AI agents and blockchain has enabled secure and scalable collaboration among multi-agent systems, promoting unprecedented levels of autonomy and interoperability. AI agents play a vital role in facilitating complex decision making and improving operational efficiency in blockchain systems. This collaborative synergy is particularly evident in how multi-agent systems collectively tackle complex tasks to ensure seamless integration within these frameworks. While significant efforts have been made to integrate AI agents and blockchain, most studies overlook the broader potential of AI agents in addressing challenges such as interoperability, scalability, and privacy issues. In this paper, we bridge these gaps by illustrating the interplay between AI agents and blockchain. Specifically, we explore how AI agents enhance decentralized systems and examine blockchain’s role in enabling secure and scalable collaboration. Furthermore, we categorize practical applications across domains, such as Web3, decentralized finance (DeFi), asset management, and autonomous systems, providing practical insights and real-world use cases. Additionally, we identify key research challenges, including the complexities of multi-agent coordination, interoperability across diverse systems, and privacy maintenance in decentralized frameworks. Finally, we offer future directions in terms of governance, sovereignty, computation, and interpretability to promote a secure and responsible ecosystem.

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Metadata

Authors
Karim, M. M., Van, D. H., Khan, S., Qu, Q., & Kholodov, Y.
Affiliations
  • Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
  • Department of Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
  • Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Innopolis University, 420500 Innopolis, Russia
ORCID
Venue
Future Internet
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2025-02-02
Volume
17
Issue
2
Pages
57
ISSN
1999-5903
DOI
10.3390/fi17020057
Cited by
73
References
7
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Funders
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0909100, 2023TQ07A264)
  • Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (2020YFA0909100, 2023TQ07A264)

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