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Cited by 61Geotechnical Engineering and Soil StabilizationConcrete and Cement Materials ResearchGeotechnical and construction materials studies

The Mechanical Properties of Fly-Ash-Stabilized Sands

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Simatupang, Minson, Mangalla, Lukas Kano, Edwin, Romy Suryaningrat, Putra, Adris Ade, Azikin, Muhammad Thahir, Aswad, Nini H., Mustika, Wayan·2020·Geosciences
DOI 10.3390/geosciences10040132
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Abstract

The stabilization of soil through the addition of fly ash has been shown to be an effective alternative for improving the strength and stiffness of soil through the resulting chemical reactions. The chemical reaction that occurs dissociates the lime (CaO) in the fly ash, and the establishment of cementitious and pozzolanic gels (consisting of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel and calcium aluminate hydrate (CAH) gel) binds the soil particles and increases the strength and stiffness of the soil. Investigations into the mechanical properties of sands stabilized with fly ash (fly-ash-stabilized sands) were conducted through a series of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and direct shear strength tests for various fly ash percentages, curing times, grain sizes, degrees of saturation during sample preparation, and content of fines. It was found that the mechanical properties—UCS and direct shear strength (DSS)—of fly-ash-stabilized sands increased with both increasing fly ash content in the specimen and curing time, but decreased with increasing grain size, degree of saturation during sample preparation, and content of fines. The results indicated that fly-ash-stabilized sands required more than a month to attain their optimum performance with regard to binding sand particles.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Simatupang, M., Mangalla, L. K., Edwin, R. S., Putra, A. A., Azikin, M. T., Aswad, N. H., & Mustika, W.
Affiliations
Universitas Halu Oleo (ID)
Corresponding author
Simatupang, Minson
ORCID
Venue
Geosciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-04-08
Volume
10
Issue
4
Pages
132
ISSN
2076-3263 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/geosciences10040132
OpenAlex
W3015846002
Cited by
61
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 2
FWCI
4.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Geosciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Concrete and Cement Materials Research
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Geotechnical and construction materials studies
Keywords
fly ash, soil stabilization, unconfined compressive strength, direct shear strength, curing time, grain size, degree of saturation, fines content, calcium silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate hydrate, pozzolanic reaction, soil mechanical properties

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