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Cited by 203Urban Green Space and HealthUrban Arborization and Environmental StudiesUrban Transport and Accessibility

Association between Urban Greenspace and Health: A Systematic Review of Literature

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Gianfredi, Vincenza, Buffoli, Maddalena, Rebecchi, Andrea, Croci, Roberto, Oradini-Alacreu, Aurea, Stirparo, Giuseppe, Marino, Alessio, Odone, Anna +2 more·2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
DOI 10.3390/ijerph18105137PMC PMC8150317
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Abstract

The current review aimed to explore the association between urban greenspaces and health indicators. In particular, our aims were to analyze the association between publicly accessible urban greenspaces exposure and two selected health outcomes (objectively measured physical activity (PA) and mental health outcomes (MH)). Two electronic databases—PubMed/Medline and Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE)—were searched from 1 January 2000 to 30 September 2020. Only articles in English were considered. Out of 356 retrieved articles, a total of 34 papers were included in our review. Of those, 15 assessed the association between urban greenspace and PA and 19 dealt with MH. Almost all the included studies found a positive association between urban greenspace and both PA and MH, while a few demonstrated a non-effect or a negative effect on MH outcomes. However, only guaranteeing access is not enough. Indeed, important elements are maintenance, renovation, closeness to residential areas, planning of interactive activities, and perceived security aspects. Overall, despite some methodological limitations of the included studies, the results have shown almost univocally that urban greenspaces harbour potentially beneficial effects on physical and mental health and well-being.

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  • Reviews of longitudinal and experimental studies have evaluated the evidence as inconsistent or suggestive.

    “reviews of longitudinal and experimental studies have evaluated the evidence as inconsistent or suggestive.9–12”

    From Cross-sectional associations of different types of nature exposure with psychotropic, antihypertensive and asthma medication (2023) · cites this paper as [10]

    The Results (§3.2; page not provided) show that the review included experimental studies and one cohort study, but most included studies were cross-sectional. The Conclusions (§5; page not provided) describe the beneficial effect as potential, which supports 'suggestive'; they call the findings almost univocal, not inconsistent. The Discussion's Strengths and Limitations section notes methodological weaknesses, particularly in intervention studies. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Gianfredi, V., Buffoli, M., Rebecchi, A., Croci, R., Oradini-Alacreu, A., Stirparo, G., Marino, A., Odone, A., Capolongo, S., & Signorelli, C.
Affiliations
  • Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (IT)
  • Politecnico di Milano (IT)
  • School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
  • University of Pavia (IT)
Corresponding author
Rebecchi, Andrea
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-05-12
Volume
18
Issue
10
Pages
5137
ISSN
1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijerph18105137
PMC
PMC8150317
OpenAlex
W3160562298
Cited by
203
References
14
Citations by year
2026: 34 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 5
FWCI
2.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › Urban Arborization and Environmental Studies
  • Social Sciences › Transportation › Urban Transport and Accessibility
Keywords
urban green space, physical activity, mental health, well-being, green space access, green space maintenance, residential proximity, perceived safety, green space planning, environmental health
MeSH terms
Parks, Recreational, Mental Health, Exercise

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