A Comparison between Farm-Related Stress, Mental Health, and Social Support between Men and Women Farmers
Open accessAbstract
Agricultural producers have worse mental health than the general population; however, recent research has not considered differences in stressors and mental health conditions by gender. A survey was mailed to a random sample of farmers in Illinois to screen for symptoms of anxiety and depression and identify sources of stress and social support. Men experienced more stress related to environmental and economic conditions than women, while women tended to have slightly higher levels of geographic isolation stress than men. Overall, there were no significant differences by gender in the proportion meeting the criteria for depression or anxiety; however, the results are higher than what is observed in the general population. Among those farmers who experience higher levels of stress about geographic isolation, the odds for women farmers to experience depressive symptoms are four times more than men farmers (OR 4.46 (0.91, 21.8); p = 0.06). Additional research should examine the relationship between social support and mental health. Interventions to reduce stress by gender should be considered.
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References 50 · Cited by 25
- Authors
- Rudolphi, J. M., Cuthbertson, C., Kaur, A., & Sarol, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Interdisciplinary Health Science Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
- Corresponding author
- Rudolphi, Josie M.
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-05-27
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 684
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11204078
- OpenAlex
- W4399055371
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 6.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering in the College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences at the University of Illinois
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Agriculture and Farm Safety
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
- Keywords
- farm stress, mental health, social support, gender differences, farmers, anxiety, depression, geographic isolation, environmental stressors, economic stressors, depressive symptoms
- MeSH terms
- Farmers, Occupational Stress, Adult, Aged, Agriculture, Anxiety, Depression, Female, Humans, Illinois, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Young Adult
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