The DOI matches its Crossref record; 100 of the 104 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Suicide Methods in Asia: Implications in Suicide Prevention
Open accessAbstract
As the largest continent in the World, Asia accounts for about 60% of World suicides. Preventing suicide by restricting access to suicide methods is one of the few evidence-based suicide prevention strategies. However, there has been a lack of systematic exploration of suicide methods in Asian countries. To amend this shortage, the current review examines the leading suicide methods in different Asian countries, their trend, their age- and sex- specific characteristics, and their implications for suicide prevention. In total, 42 articles with leading suicide methods data in 17 Asian countries/regions were retrieved. The epidemiologic characteristics and recent trends of common suicide methods reflect specific socio-cultural, economic, and religious situations in the region. Common suicide methods shift with the introduction of technologies and constructions, and have specific age- or sex-characteristics that may render the restriction of suicide methods not equally effective for all sex and age sub-groups. Charcoal burning, pesticide poisoning, native plant poisoning, self-immolation, and jumping are all prominent examples. In the information society, suicide prevention that focuses on suicide methods must monitor and control the innovation and spread of knowledge and practices of suicide “technologies”. It may be more cost-effective to design safety into technologies as a way of suicide prevention while there is no rash of suicides yet by the new technologies. Further research on suicide methods is important for public health approaches to suicide prevention with sensitivity to socio-cultural, economic, and religious factors in different countries.
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“Intentional self-poisoning is one of the most frequently used methods of committing suicide, along with using firearms and committing suicide by hanging [12].”
From Toxicological Findings of Self-Poisoning Suicidal Deaths: A Systematic Review by Countries (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In many low-income countries in the Asia-Pacific region, suicide is the leading cause of death in early to middle adult life and pesticides account for around half to two-thirds of the suicides.”
From Toxicological Findings of Self-Poisoning Suicidal Deaths: A Systematic Review by Countries (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Depression was the most relevant risk factor associated with suicide.”
From Toxicological Findings of Self-Poisoning Suicidal Deaths: A Systematic Review by Countries (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“The robust association between suicide and depression demands that greater attention be paid to diagnosing this mental disorder, particularly in primary healthcare, and the interventions designed to treat depression are considered as essential to preventing suicide [12,58].”
From Toxicological Findings of Self-Poisoning Suicidal Deaths: A Systematic Review by Countries (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
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Citations
Cites
Suicide Prevention Strategies: A Systematic Review
Mann, J. J., Apter, A., Bertolote, J., Beautrais, A., Currier, D., Haas, A., Hegerl, U., Lonnqvist, J., Malone, K., Marusic, A., et al. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.294.16.2064 · Cited by 2,852
Self-citationRisk factors for suicide in China: a national case-control psychological autopsy study
Phillips, M. R., Yang, G., Zhang, Y., Wang, L., Ji, H., & Zhou, M. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11681-3 · Cited by 928
Suicide rates in China, 1995–99
Phillips, M. R., Li, X., & Zhang, Y. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07954-0 · Cited by 800
Methods of suicide: international suicide patters derived from the WHO mortality database
Ajdacic-Gross, V. (2008) · Bulletin of the World Health Organization · doi:10.2471/blt.07.043489 · Cited by 557
Phillips, M. R., Li, X., Zhang, Y., & Eddleston, M. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09269-3 · Cited by 382
The impact of pesticide regulations on suicide in Sri Lanka
Gunnell, D., Fernando, R., Hewagama, M., Priyangika, W. D. D., Konradsen, F., & Eddleston, M. (2007) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dym164 · Cited by 378
Suicide in Asia: Opportunities and Challenges
Chen, Y., Wu, K. C., Yousuf, S., & Yip, P. S. F. (2011) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxr025 · Cited by 346
Self-citationVärnik, A., Kõlves, K., Feltz-Cornelis, C. M. V. D., Marušić, A., Óskarsson, H., Palmer, A. J., Reisch, T., Scheerder, G., Arensman, E., Aromaa, E., et al. (2008) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.2007.065391 · Cited by 314
Suicide prevention by limiting access to methods: A review of theory and practice
Florentine, J. B., & Crane, C. (2010) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.01.029 · Cited by 285
Method Choice, Intent, and Gender in Completed Suicide
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Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Yip, P.S.F. (2008). Suicide in Asia: Causes and Prevention, Hong Kong University Press. · DOI
- Yip, P.S.F. (2008). Suicide in Asia: Causes and Prevention, Hong Kong University Press. · DOI
- Wasserman, D., and Wasserman, C. (2009). Oxford Textbook of Suicidology and Suicide Prevention: A Global Perspective, Oxford University Press. · DOI · Paper page
- Yip, P.S.F. (2008). Suicide in Asia: Causes and Prevention, Hong Kong University Press. · DOI
- Wasserman, D., and Wasserman, C. (2009). Oxford Textbook of Suicidology and Suicide Prevention: A Global Perspective, Oxford University Press. · DOI · Paper page
- Callanan, V., and Davis, M. (2011). Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Springer.
- O’Connor, R.C., Platt, S., and Gordon, J. (2011). International Handbook of Sucide Prevention: Research, Policy and Practice, John Wiley & Sons. · DOI
- Yip, P.S.F. (2008). Suicide in Asia: Causes and Prevention, Hong Kong University Press. · DOI
- Wasserman, D., and Wasserman, C. (2009). Oxford Textbook of Suicidology and Suicide Prevention: A Global Perspective, Oxford University Press. · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Moitra, M., Santomauro, D., Degenhardt, L., Collins, P. Y., Whiteford, H., Vos, T., & Ferrari, A. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.053 · Cited by 252
Knipe, D. W., Chang, S.-S., Dawson, A., Eddleston, M., Konradsen, F., Metcalfe, C., & Gunnell, D. (2017) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172893 · Cited by 152
Impact of paraquat regulation on suicide in South Korea
Cha, E. S., Chang, S., Gunnell, D., Eddleston, M., Khang, Y., & Lee, W. J. (2015) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyv304 · Cited by 145
Suicide rates among people with serious mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Fu, X., Qian, Y., Jin, X., Yu, H., Wu, H., Du, L., Chen, H., & Shi, Y.-Q. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291721001549 · Cited by 132
Current challenges of suicide and future directions of management in Bangladesh: a systematic review
Arafat, S. M. Y. (2018) · GLOBAL PSYCHIATRY ARCHIVES · doi:10.2478/gp-2019-0001 · Cited by 109
Metadata
- Authors
- Wu, K. C.-C., Chen, Y.-Y., & Yip, P. S. F.
- Affiliations
- National Taiwan University (TW)
- Taipei City Hospital (TW)
- Hong Kong Jockey Club (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Ying-Yeh
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2012-03-28
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1135-1158
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3366604
- OpenAlex
- W2111409558
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 1.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Keywords
- suicide methods, suicide prevention, Asia, suicide trends, charcoal burning, pesticide poisoning, self-immolation, jumping, sociocultural factors, religious factors, economic factors
- MeSH terms
- Suicide Prevention, Asia, Humans, Suicide
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