Enhanced BMP-2-Mediated Bone Repair Using an Anisotropic Silk Fibroin Scaffold Coated with Bone-like Apatite
Open accessAbstract
The repair of large bone defects remains challenging and often requires graft material due to limited availability of autologous bone. In clinical settings, collagen sponges loaded with excessive amounts of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) are occasionally used for the treatment of bone non-unions, increasing the risk of adverse events. Therefore, strategies to reduce rhBMP-2 dosage are desirable. Silk scaffolds show great promise due to their favorable biocompatibility and their utility for various biofabrication methods. For this study, we generated silk scaffolds with axially aligned pores, which were subsequently treated with 10× simulated body fluid (SBF) to generate an apatitic calcium phosphate coating. Using a rat femoral critical sized defect model (CSD) we evaluated if the resulting scaffold allows the reduction of BMP-2 dosage to promote efficient bone repair by providing appropriate guidance cues. Highly porous, anisotropic silk scaffolds were produced, demonstrating good cytocompatibility in vitro and treatment with 10× SBF resulted in efficient surface coating. In vivo, the coated silk scaffolds loaded with a low dose of rhBMP-2 demonstrated significantly improved bone regeneration when compared to the unmineralized scaffold. Overall, our findings show that this simple and cost-efficient technique yields scaffolds that enhance rhBMP-2 mediated bone healing.
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Natural polymer carriers may be advantageous if they contain cell binding motifs that promote osteoconductivity.
“Natural polymer carriers may be advantageous if they contain cell binding motifs that promote osteoconductivity. [9–12]”
From Keratin Scaffold Formulation Impacts rhBMP-2 Biodistribution and Bone Regeneration in a Rat Femur Defect Model (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
The Discussion (page unavailable) describes silk fibroin as a natural polymer used for bone scaffolds and says bone-like apatite coatings can make those scaffolds osteoconductive. It does not say that cell-binding motifs confer this advantage or promote osteoconductivity; indeed, it describes untreated silk fibroin scaffolds as generally poorly osteoconductive. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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References 50 · Cited by 23
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [47]Romeis B. Mikroskopische Technik 18th ed. Mulisch M. Welsch U. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany 2010 551
- Authors
- Deininger, C., Wagner, A., Heimel, P., Salzer, E., Vila, X. M., Weißenbacher, N., Grillari, J., Redl, H., Wichlas, F., Freude, T., Tempfer, H., Teuschl-Woller, A. H., & Traweger, A.
- Affiliations
- Paracelsus Medical University (AT)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration (AT)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA (AT)
- University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien (AT)
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (AT)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Corresponding author
- Traweger, Andreas
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-12-28
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 283
- ISSN
- 1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8745248
- OpenAlex
- W4200319756
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 1.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Lorenz Böhler Gesellschaft (04/16)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
- Keywords
- silk fibroin scaffolds, BMP-2, apatite coating, calcium phosphate coatings, anisotropic scaffolds, critical-size bone defect, bone regeneration, simulated body fluid, bone graft substitutes
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Apatites, Bone and Bones, Bone Regeneration, Femur, Fibroins, Freezing, Humans, Male, Recombinant Proteins, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Anisotropy, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Caspases, Biomimetic Materials, Rats, Caspase 7, Tissue Scaffolds, X-Ray Microtomography, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
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